National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthCDC Pesticide

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health/CDC Pesticide – Related Activities

NIOSH Pesticides § Special thanks to Dr. Steve Olenchock and Dr. Geoff Calvert

Occupational Safety and Health Regulation/Enforcement Department of Labor Mine Safety And Health Administration Occupational Safety and Health Administration Research, Training, and Prevention Recommendations Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NIOSH Mission To provide leadership in research to prevent work-related illness, injury, disability, and death.

NIOSH § § Research – intramural and extramural Training Technical assistance Policy

NIOSH Staff: 1, 400 FY 02 Budget: $276. 1 M

State Partnerships Adult Blood Lead Surveillance National Occupational Mortality Surveillance SENSOR Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) In-house FACE State FACE SAFER l HEALTHIER l PEOPLE CDC/NIOSH

Sensor-pesticides § State-based surveillance § “Sentinel” case identification and follow-up § Timely opportunities for prevention/intervention § Develop state-based models for national implementation § Standardized case definition, variables, and severity index

Sensor-pesticides § Funding provided by NIOSH and EPA § Funding began in 1987 § NIOSH technical advisor: • Geoff Calvert, (p) 513 -841 -4448, (f) 513 -8414489 ; gcalvert@cdc. gov

Sensor-pesticides Estimate of Magnitude § First aggregated data set was developed § Data provided by AZ, CA, FL, LA, NY, OR, TX § From 1998 -1999, 1004 cases identified § § Definite=96 Probable=258 Possible=540 Suspicious=110

Distribution of cases by industry, 19981999

Pesticide Functional Class, 19981999

Ten Most Common Active Ingredients Acute occupational pesticide-related illnesses, 1998 -1999 Exposure Type Accounting Common Name Count* for 40% or more of Cases Sulfur 89 Cyfluthrin 74 Contact w/ treated surface Chlorpyrifos 74 Drift Malathion 64 Pyrethrins 61 Indoor Air Mepiquat chloride 52 Contact w/ treated surface Propetamphos 50 Indoor Air Methyl bromide 50 Spill or other direct contact Diazinon 49 • and active ingredients in reported products

Outbreaks/emerging Problems Recently Identified § Nosocomial pesticide poisoning-Georgia, 2000 § Described 3 health care workers made ill by opcontaminated patient § MMWR 2001; 49: 1156 -1158 § Poisoning associated with hydrogen cyanamide. Italy, 2001 § 23 cases; Label lacked adequate precautionary info § MMWR 2001; 50: 845 -847

MMWR: Surveillance Related to West Nile Virus Control Efforts â New York State â 1999 and 2000 May pose risk of acute, temporary health effects; however, the risk appears to be low.

Outbreaks/emerging problems recently identified § Acute pesticide poisoning among working youth, 1988 -1999 § Used data from SENSOR-pesticides, TESS, and California Dept of Pesticide Regulation § 531 poisoned youth were identified § Working youth found to have higher risk of pesticide poisoning compared to adults (incidence ratio=1. 71 [95%CI=1. 53, 1. 91]) § Accepted for publication in AJPH

Outbreaks - continued § Acute disinfectant poisoning among working youth, 1993 -1998 § Identified 308 youth poisoned by disinfectants § Working youth found to have higher risk of pesticide poisoning compared to adults (incidence ratio=4. 14 [95%CI=3. 66, 4. 68]) § Manuscript in preparation

Other Accomplishments § Finalized the severity index § Developed a webpage for sensor-pesticides § http: //www. cdc. gov/niosh/pestsurv/ § How-to guide for pesticide poisoning surveillance § Preparing responses to internal review comments on draft document § First guide on developing a state-based surveillance program § Guides for other conditions are now in development

Intramural Child Ag SENSOR Grants Community Partners International Ag Centers Est. 1990

Centers for Agricultural Disease & Injury Research, Education, and Prevention

Community Partners for Healthy Farming

Childhood Agricultural Injury Prevention Initiative Child Ag Center Grants Intramural

Reduction of Ergonomic Hazards in Harvesting Wine Grapes â Reduce weight to below 50 pounds â Outcome: â < back, neck, shoulder and knee pain No decrease in productivity

Reducing Eye Injuries and Illnesses in Latino Farmworkers â Trained 18 Promotores â Culturally acceptable eye PPE â Custom-fit 640 Farmworkers