Muscular System Muscular System Over 600 muscles 45
- Slides: 49
Muscular System
Muscular System • Over 600 muscles • 45% of body weight is muscles
Characteristics a. Excitability – respond to stimuli Usually the stimulus is electrical or chemical
Characteristics b. Contractility - shorten
Characteristics c. Extensibility – be stretched or extended
Characteristics d. Elasticity – recoil and resume length
Functions a. Provides movement
Functions b. Maintains posture
Functions c. Stabilizes joints
Functions d. Generates heat
3 main types of muscle tissue
a. Skeletal muscle – move your skeleton • Voluntary muscle – we consciously control them • Striated – has narrow bands • Each cell has many nuclei
b. Smooth muscle – found in internal organs • Involuntary muscle – don’t consciously control them • Not striated – no narrow bands • Each cell only has one nucleus
C. Cardiac Muscle – found only in the heart • Involuntary muscle • Striated and branched • Each cell has only one nucleus
35. Skeletal muscle anatomy A. Muscle – organ made of several tissues a. Surrounded by epimysium sheath
Skeletal muscle anatomy B. Fascicle – portion of the muscle a. Surrounded by perimysium sheath
Skeletal muscle anatomy C. Muscle fiber – single, multinucleated cell a. Surrounded by endomysium sheath
Cross section of muscle fibers
Muscle fibers
Muscle fibers b. Sarcolemma – cell membrane c. Sarcoplasm – muscle cytoplasm d. Nucleus - many
Muscle fibers e. Myoglobin – red pigment that stores oxygen f. Mitochondria – lots for energy g. Myofibrils – organelle made of bundles of myofilaments
Myofibrils a. Responsible for contraction b. 2 myofilaments • Actin – thin one • Myosin – thick one
Myofibril c. Sarcomeres – functional unit of contraction, area between 2 z-lines 10, 000 or more along each myofibril
Myofibril d. I-band – light region, actin only e. A-band – dark region, myosin only f. H-zone – center of A-band, both actin and myosin g. Z-line – dark zigzag line in center of I-band
Sliding Filament Theory a. Actin filaments slide past myosin b. Z lines get closer together c. Sarcomere shortens-neither actin or myosin get shorter. http: //www. youtube. com/results? search _query=sliding+filament+theory&aq=0
Movement A. Tendons – attach muscle to bone a. Tendons pull on bones and make them work like levers
Puppet on a String
Movement B. Contracting – shortening and fattening of muscle cells C. Relaxing – returning back to beginning length D. Muscles can only pull; they cannot push
Movement E. Most muscles work in pairs When one muscle contracts, the other relaxes
Movement F. Flexor – the muscle that bends a joint G. Extensor – the muscle that straightens a joint
Movement H. triggered by electrical impulses through nerve cells
Movement I. A sodium solution is released which causes the filaments to lock (contract) J. To unlock, calcium solution is released to relax the fibers as you propel forwards. Nerve cell attaches to the sarcomere of each muscle fiber
Muscle Size Who has more muscles?
Muscle Size A. The number of muscle fibers (cells) doesn’t change they just get larger because more myofibrils are added to the cells
B. Hypertrophy - increase in number and size of myofibrils
C. Atrophy - decrease in size due to lack of use If you don’t use it, it will shut down!
Muscle fibers and Exercise A. Two types of fibers: a. Slow-twitch - endurance b. Fast-twitch - explosive Those that want to build up fast-twitch or slow twitch fibers need to look at the exercise that will help them
Anaerobic Exercise a. Use fast-twitch fibers b. Requires brief, high energy expenditure • Weightlifting – high weight, low reps • Sprinting c. Depletes oxygen quickly d. Excess lactic acid, turn to glucose
e. Builds the big muscles
Aerobic Exercise a. Use slow-twitch fibers b. Prolonged and constant energy • Weightlifting – low weight, high reps • Long distance running, cycling c. Uses same oxygen that is received d. No lactic acid
e. Leans and tones the muscles
Body building D. a form of body modification involving intense muscle hypertrophy 1867 -1925 Eugen Sandow, the "Father of Modern Bodybuilding"
a. Testosterone – hormone that stimulates hypertrophy • Do girls have it? – Yes, boys produce 10 -20 times more than girls
b. Steroid - synthetic testosterone hormone to artificially build muscle
- Trigonometri
- 600 muscles
- Fusiform muscle
- Plyometrics disadvantages
- Over the mountains over the plains
- Siach reciting the word over and over
- Explain how to handing over and taking over the watch
- 600-699 dewey decimal system
- Dewey decimal system 400-499
- Autonomic nervous system muscles
- Leydig cells
- What do muscles move
- Primary functions of the muscular system
- 2 function of muscular system
- Chapter 4 the muscular system labeling exercises
- Unit 6:5 muscular system
- Amazing facts about the muscular system
- Root word myo
- Muscular system label
- The muscular system chapter 6
- Muscular system head and neck
- Sheep muscular system
- Navigating the body muscular system #3
- Whats the function of the muscular system
- Chapter 6 the muscular system figure 6-12
- Whats the muscular system
- Test chapter 7:5 muscular system
- Aerobic respiration exercise
- Structures of the muscular system
- Types of muscles
- Chapter 32 section 3 the muscular system
- Muscular system response to exercise
- How your muscular system works
- Muscular system
- Chapter 6 the muscular system figure 6-9
- Muscular system levels of organization
- Superficial muscular system
- Pig muscles labeled
- Muscular system learning objectives
- Chapter 7:5 muscular system
- Chapter 6 the muscular system
- Matching muscle directions and positions
- Muscular syst
- I band h zone
- 3 function of the muscular system
- Muscular system
- Chapter 6 the muscular system
- Chapter 6 the muscular system
- Chapter 10 the muscular system
- Lesson outline lesson 2 the muscular system answer key