Mt Rushmore South Dakota 3 9 Derivatives of
- Slides: 22
Mt. Rushmore, South Dakota 3. 9: Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions Photo by Vickie Kelly, 2007 Greg Kelly, Hanford High School, Richland, Washington
Look at the graph of The slope at x=0 appears to be 1. If we assume this to be true, then: definition of derivative
Now we attempt to find a general formula for the derivative of using the definition. This is the slope at x=0, which we have assumed to be 1.
is its own derivative! If we incorporate the chain rule: We can now use this formula to find the derivative of
( and are inverse functions. ) (chain rule)
( is a constant. ) Incorporating the chain rule:
So far today we have: Now it is relatively easy to find the derivative of .
To find the derivative of a common log function, you could just use the change of base rule for logs: The formula for the derivative of a log of any base other than e is:
p
Implicit Differentiation 3. 6
Implicit Differentiation So far, all the equations and functions we looked at were all stated explicitly in terms of one variable: In this function, y is defined explicitly in terms of x. If we re-wrote it as xy = 1, y is now defined implicitly in terms of x. It is easy to find the derivative of an explicit function, but what about:
This is not a function, but it would still be nice to be able to find the slope. Do the same thing to both sides. Note use of chain rule.
This can’t be solved for y. This technique is called implicit differentiation. 1 Differentiate both sides w. r. t. x. 2 Solve for .
Find dy/dx if:
Find dy/dx if: Chain Rule
Find dy/dx if: Produ ct Rule!
Find the equations of the lines tangent and normal to the curve at . We need the slope. Since we can’t solve for y, we use implicit differentiation to solve for Note product rule. .
Find the equations of the lines tangent and normal to the curve at tangent: . normal: Normal line is perpendic ular to tangent
Product Rule is easier than quotient rule, so let’s cross multiply! Find derivative at (1, 1)
Higher Order Derivatives Find if . Substitute back into the equation.
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