ISOTOPES WHATS AN ISOTOPE An Isotope is simply

ISOTOPES

WHAT’S AN ISOTOPE? • An Isotope is simply an atom of an element with less or more neutrons and this causes the mass number to change. • This affects the density and mass number of the atom, giving it new properties and uses

Non-isotope carbon Isotope carbon ONLY THE # OF NEUTRONS CHANGE IN AN ISOTOPE

WHAT DO WE USE THEM FOR? • We use isotopes for many things, including • TELLING HOW OLD ITEMS ARE This stone age man was found preserved in the ice in the 21 st century, and carbon dating was used in finding his age • TRACING AND MARKING Although an expensive process, CHEMICAL REACTIONS carbon dating is used from identifying when a fossil is from, to crime scenes to identify a timeframe of victims

CARBON DATING • Carbon dating is the most common form of isotope dating • Based on CARBON 14, a naturally occurring isotope of carbon with two more neutrons • Based on their half lives, we can calculate how much of the isotope has decayed • Half lives are how long it takes for all of the isotope to leave the vessel

TRITTIUM & DEUTERIUM n n Isotope of Hydrogen One proton, two neutron Radioactive Released in nuclear reactions n n Isotope of Hydrogen One proton, one neutron Naturally occurring in oceans More viscous than water

CARBON 14 n n Used in carbon dating Two more neutrons than regular carbon n Stable n Naturally occuring

QUIZ TIME WHAT IS ISOTOPE DATING USED FOR? WHAT IS CHANGED IN AN ISOTOPE? A. ) Polymerization A. ) # of Protons B. ) Identifying age B. ) # of Electrons C. ) MRI machines C. ) # of Neutrons D. ) Identifying Chuck Norris’s victims D. ) # of Chuck Norris roundhouse kicks WHAT DOES THE DIFFERENCES IN ISOTOPES DO TO AN ELEMENT? A. ) Changes its outward appearance B. ) Change It’s personality C. ) Change it’s mass and density D. ) Change how fast Chuck Norris’s foot travels through a human head

SHORT ANSWER What do scientists use in order to date an object, in relating to it’s decay? NAME AN ISOTOPE OTHER THAN CARBON 14 E Y HE T R HE

WHICH IS THE PROPER ISOTOPE? ORIGINAL GALLIUM ISOTOPE #1 P- 31 E- 12 N- 39 ISOTOPE #3 ISOTOPE #2 P- 12 P- 31 E- 31 N-39 N- 12 SILLY PENGUIN, YOU CAN’T FLY