Fish Classification Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Sub Phylum

Fish

Classification • Kingdom- Animalia • Phylum- Chordata • Sub Phylum- Vertebrata • Classes- Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes

Agnatha Jawless fish: Lampreys, Hagfish

Types of Agnathans • Hagfish- Ocean scavengers, not much is known about them. • Lamprey- fresh and salt water, they are parasitic and prey on other fish. * Both have cartilagenous skeletons and sucker-like mouths.

A Sliming Hagfish

Lamprey

Chondricthyes Cartilagenous Fish: Shark, Ray

Chondrichthyes • Sharks are adapted for a predatory lifestyle. • Cartilage skeletons, stiff pectoral fins (speed). • No operculum, must keep moving to breathe. • Have live births. • Special scales feel like sandpaper. • Manta, and Sting Rays- live in shallow water, have mouths located on the underside, are fairly docile, wide flat bodies and wing-like fins that are flexible.

Types of Chondrichthyes • Sharks and Rays- have no operculum and must keep moving to breathe. • Have different kinds of scales that feel and look more like sandpaper. • Have skeletons made of cartilage not bones.

Osteichthyes Bony Fish: Salmon, Carp, Tuna Over 20, 000 different species

Types of Osteichthyes Ray Finned: – Most fish are this type – Fins are supported by bony structures called Rays. – Teleosts are the most advanced form of ray finned fish (symmetrical tails and mobile fins). Lobe Finned: – Fins are long, fleshy, muscular, supported by central core of bones. – Thought to be ancestors of amphibians. – Examples are: Coelacanth, Lungfish

Fish Characteristics • • • Gills Backbone (vertebrae) Paired Fins Single Loop Circulation Two chambered heart

Fish Anatomy

Fins

Different Dorsal Fins

Fish Respiration • Water flows over Gills as fish opens mouth and swims. • Water flows opposite direction of blood flow. • O 2 diffuses from the water into the blood. • Gills are made of thousands of gill filaments. • Gills are covered by the Operculum.

Up Close and Personal

Fish Circulation • Fish heart has 2 chambers • Single loop circulation • Blood flows into gills, picks up O 2, goes to the body, returns to the heart.

Fish Reproduction • Most Fish reproduce sexually, and fertilize their eggs externally (Sharks-internally). • Spawning is the process of fertilizing eggs. • Baby fish are called FRY.

Let’s Get Ready to Rumble…. .

Lamprey Spawning Behavior

Fish Adaptations • Lateral Line System- used to detect vibrations, orient the fish in water, it is a line of cells running down the side of the fish. • Operculum- gill cover, movement of operculum allows more water to be drawn in. • Swim Bladder- a gas filled sac that helps the fish maintain buoyancy. Sharks don’t have a swim bladder! • Fins- Dorsal, Caudal, Pectoral, Pelvic, Anal.

Adaptations Air Bladder Fins Operculum Gills Lateral Line