England Takes Shape Lesson 2 Mr Torres England
- Slides: 9
England Takes Shape Lesson 2 Mr. Torres
England Before the Conquest • In the 400 s Germanic tribes settled in the Island of Britain • The Anglo-Saxons • Formed Kingdoms that became known as England (Land of the Angles) • 900 s-1000 s England established a centralized government • Standardize system of coinage • 1066 England is invaded by two different foes Harald Hardrada king of Norway and William the Conqueror duke of Normandy
The Norman Conquest • William duke of Normandy • Illegitimate son of Robert the Magnificent • Descendent of Viking raiders who settled in Normandy (Northwest France) • Rich lord who amassed immense riches by collecting taxes from traders • William was related to the Anglo-Saxon king Edward the Confessor • Weak king, real power was held by the Godwin family and Harold Godwin, Earl Wessex. • Harold Godwin expected to inherit the throne • Edward the Confessor died without a male heir • Both William and Harold Godwin claim to have been promised the Crown • Harald Hardrada king of Norway also claimed the throne of England Harold Godwin
The Conquest of Britain • September 1066 • Harald Hardrada lands his army in northern England • Harold Godwin marched to counter the Norwegian invasion • Godwin defeats Hardrada in the Battle of Stamford Bridge
The Conquest of Britain • Few days after the Battle of Stamford Bridge William lands his invading forces in the South of England • Harold's exhausted forces march 250 miles south to confront William’s Army • October 14 th, 1066 (Battle of Hastings) • Harold’s and William’s Army met new the village of Hastings, Southern coast of England. • English fought on foot with swords, spears and axes • Norman used cavalry and excellent archers to defeat the Angle-Saxon Army • Harold Godwin is killed in battle (Arrow to the Eye!) • William the Bastard becomes William the Conqueror • Christmas day 1066, William the Conqueror is Crowned king of England in Westminster Abbey
Norman Warrior Anglo-Saxon Warrior
Norman Calvary
Norman England • The Battle of Hastings wiped out many of the Angle-Saxon noble families. • William gave English land to about 180 Norman Barons. (King’s Family had the largest share) • King William introduced a strong feudal system. • Wealth concentrated in the French-speaking elites • Barons/noblemen supported him with military service and supplied soldiers • Barons built great Castles to control the local population (First large stone structures since the Romans 600 years earlier) • Everyone in power in both church and state was Norman • Latin and French became the language of law, culture, and government • English would not be spoken in government for another 300 years when Norman French and Anglo. Saxon blended together to create Modern English.
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