Chapter 5 1 Roman world takes shape Romanorum

Chapter 5. 1 Roman world takes shape Romanorum universitas vultus

Roman civ. Arises in Italy • Italy

Roman civ. Arises in Italy • Unifying – Much easier to unify than Greece – Not isolated valleys – Smoother terrain – Broad fertile plains supported growing population

Roman civ. Arises in Italy • Early peoples settle in Italy – Latins migrated to Italy 800 BC • Ancestors of Romans – Settled on the Tiber river over 7 low hills – urbs in septem tumulosus – Romulus and Remus • Sons of a latin woman and the war god Mars • Raised by a wolf censored

Roman civ. Arises in Italy • Early peoples settle in Italy – Peninsula shared with many other people – Greek colonists – Etruscans • Ruled most of Central Italy including Rome • Alphabet • Arch

Peoples of Italy

Romans establish a republic • Romans drove out Etruscan ruler 509 BC • Established a republic – That which belongs to the people – Elected representatives

Romans establish a republic • Structuring the republic – Senate 300 patrician members Patricians= • Nominated 2 consuls to supervise government and be commander in chief • Served 1 2 year term • Had to agree w/ each other=checks on gov. • Could appoint a dictator in time of war

Romans establish a republic • Plebeians fight for their rights – Fight For Your Right" Kick it! You wake up late for school man you don't wanna go You ask you mom, "Please? " but she still says, "No!" You missed two classes and no homework But your teacher preaches class like you're some kind of jerk

Romans establish a republic • Plebeian= citizen without influence • Plebeians fight for their rights and influence in gov • Gained right to elect their own officials • Tribunes could veto laws • Plebeians later became consuls and elected to Senate • Demanded written laws 12 TABLES

2/12 tables

Romans establish a republic • Legacy – U. S. Constitution, Checks and balances – Bicameral legislature, Veto – Senate, Republic, Yer mom

Characterizing Roman Society • • • Family=basic unit of society Roman law made dad household authority Wife and kids subject to him Wife not allowed to handle her own affairs Roman ideal wife=strong, disciplined, dutiful and loving

Characterizing Roman Society • Role of women changes – Could own property – Later could run businesses – Most stayed at home – Patrician women could attend public baths – Some patrician women had political influence

Characterizing roman society • • • Education Most kids learned to read and write Wealthy hired Greek tutors Studied rhetoric, Latin, and history Vestri matris est fervens

Characterizing roman society • Roman religion – Adapted from greeks – Calendar was full of feasts and celebrations 12 days in January alone

Republic grows • Armies extend outside of Rome • 270 BC controlled most of Italy

Republic grows • Citizen soldiers • Fought w/out pay but got booty when they won • Later on: pay+booty • Disciplined – Praise for courage – Cowardice got 1/10 killed

Republic grows • Conquered lands – Justice for defeated – Must accept Rome's leadership, pay taxes, supply soldiers – some were enslaved – Some got full citizenship – Some got partial citizenship • Partials could marry Romans and trade – Conquerees were usually loyal

Republic grows • Maintaining the state – Rome posted soldiers throughout the land – Network of roads – Latin common language – Roman beliefs and customs commonly accepted