Computer Systems Topic 9 Hardware Maintenance V 1

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Computer Systems Topic 9: Hardware Maintenance V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Computer Systems Topic 9: Hardware Maintenance V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 2 Scope and Coverage - 1 This topic

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 2 Scope and Coverage - 1 This topic will cover: • Preventative maintenance • Upgrade vs. replace • Hardware upgrade – Priorities – Internal components – Peripherals V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 3 Scope and Coverage - 2 This topic

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 3 Scope and Coverage - 2 This topic will cover (cont. ): • Hardware upgrade exercises (lab session) – some of: – – V 1. 0 Memory update Graphics upgrade Hard disk upgrade Add second NIC © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 4 Learning Outcomes By the end of this

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 4 Learning Outcomes By the end of this topic, students will be able to: • Perform routine maintenance tasks on a computer system • Upgrade the hardware and software on a computer system V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 5 What is Hardware Maintenance? • Hardware maintenance

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 5 What is Hardware Maintenance? • Hardware maintenance refers to the process of routine checks, cleaning and updating computer hardware. • Repair, the fixing of specific faults that have already appeared, has already been covered. • This topic considers planned activities rather than fault finding and error recovery. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 6 Preventative Maintenance • Regular maintenance reduces the

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 6 Preventative Maintenance • Regular maintenance reduces the possibility of faults developing. • Preventative maintenance describes the actions taken to extend the life of devices. • Prevention is better than cure. – Less time consuming, less costly to do repair, reduces loss of productivity • Problems avoided with preventative maintenance include reduced performance, data loss and failure to operate. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 7 Types of Preventative Maintenance • The three

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 7 Types of Preventative Maintenance • The three types of preventative maintenance are: – Active preventative maintenance - including cleaning of the computer system components and peripheral devices – Passive preventative maintenance - protecting the system from its environment – Periodic preventative maintenance - including tasks that are performed at certain times V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 8 Active Preventative Maintenance - 1 • Dust

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 8 Active Preventative Maintenance - 1 • Dust builds up over time • Dust may cause overheating and poor connections • System cooling is reduced as dust acts as a heat insulator • Dust should be blown from the system V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 9 Active Preventative Maintenance - 2 • Take

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 9 Active Preventative Maintenance - 2 • Take care with health & safety – Wear a dust mask – Do cleaning in a well ventilated area with suitable dust extraction facilities • Do not use vacuum cleaner – Generates static electricity which may damage components V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 10 Other Equipment - 1 • Monitors need

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 10 Other Equipment - 1 • Monitors need regular cleaning to keep the image clear. – Use a proper monitor cleaning fluid to avoid damaging the screen. – Use only a soft cloth and minimum pressure. • Keyboards and mice also need dust cleaning out, and dirt and grease that builds up needs to be cleaned off for comfort and hygiene as well as reliability. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 11 Other Equipment - 2 • Printers have

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 11 Other Equipment - 2 • Printers have a routine maintenance plan that should be performed at least every time the ink or toner cartridge is changed. – Otherwise, dust from paper, excess toner and dried ink builds up. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 12 Periodic Preventative Maintenance - 1 • Schedules

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 12 Periodic Preventative Maintenance - 1 • Schedules will vary depending on the use and importance of the system. As a guide – Daily: • Update antivirus software • Back up data – Weekly: • Delete temporary files • Empty recycle bin V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 13 Periodic Preventative Maintenance - 2 – Monthly:

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 13 Periodic Preventative Maintenance - 2 – Monthly: • Create a system restore reference point • Download and install updates to the operating system and other key software • Check for software problems • Defragment the hard disk V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 14 Passive Maintenance Issues - 1 • Deals

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 14 Passive Maintenance Issues - 1 • Deals with environmental and electrical issues – – – V 1. 0 Temperature Thermal stress Air pollution Dust Shock and vibration disturbance Mains fluctuations © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 15 Passive Maintenance Issues - 2 – Power

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 15 Passive Maintenance Issues - 2 – Power Line Noise (Radio Frequency Choke may be used) – Electrostatic Discharge – Electromagnetic and Radio Frequency Interference (EMI, RFI) V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 16 Passive Maintenance Solutions • Keep computer systems

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 16 Passive Maintenance Solutions • Keep computer systems in a clean, well ventilated environment, away from contaminants, such as dust and liquids. • Avoid moving computer equipment unnecessarily. – Do not move equipment at all when it is switched on. • Have regulated or uninterruptable power supplies (UPS) on critical equipment. • Take care running network cables to avoid mains cables and other sources of EMI/RFI. – Or use fibre optic cables instead of copper. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 17 User Tips - 1 • Encourage users

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 17 User Tips - 1 • Encourage users to look after their computer equipment: – Shutdown properly using the shutdown function of the operating system. • Prevents any unsaved work or settings – Power down at the wall (after shutting down properly). • Systems that are shutdown are not always powered down • Saves electricity and increases component life V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 18 User Tips - 2 – Do not

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 18 User Tips - 2 – Do not eat or drink at the PC. • Risk of liquid spillage and crumbs in the keyboard and mouse – Do not touch the screen. • Fingerprints are difficult to clean off. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 19 Upgrade vs. Replace • When a system

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 19 Upgrade vs. Replace • When a system is getting older, it may no longer be able to do the required job satisfactorily. • Upgrade means putting in extra components (e. g. more RAM) or replacing a component with a better one (e. g. faster graphics card or larger hard disk) • Extends the overall life of the system • Reduces overall cost of ownership • Better for the environment V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 20 Hardware Upgrade Overview • For an upgrade,

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 20 Hardware Upgrade Overview • For an upgrade, it is necessary to identify the issues you hope to solve and determine the appropriate components to upgrade. Common issues are: – Overall performance (the system is too slow) – Performance in a specific area (e. g. screen drawing or network communication is too slow) – Lack of storage space (hard disk full) V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 21 Priorities - 1 • You must prioritise

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 21 Priorities - 1 • You must prioritise upgrades to solve the problem. – For general performance, more RAM is likely to give a better result than a faster processor. – Adding an extra hard disk or replacing with a larger disk will increase performance as well as storage. • Newer and larger hard disks are generally faster. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 22 Priorities - 2 – For high-end gaming

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 22 Priorities - 2 – For high-end gaming or other specialist requirements, a new graphics card may be the best solution. – In most cases, a faster CPU will be the least effective solution. • Most CPUs spend most of their time waiting for other devices. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 23 Internal Components Component Benefit of Upgrade RAM

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 23 Internal Components Component Benefit of Upgrade RAM Reduced use of (very slow) virtual memory Helps all programs and the operating system Graphics card Faster screen drawing Higher resolution/more colours May take some load off the CPU May take some load of systems memory DISK Increased storage space Faster disk access Quicker file loading and saving Increased virtual memory performance CPU Code executed faster May only result in waiting idle for longer NIC Increased data transfer rate It is unlikely that the bottleneck is your network connection V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 24 Upgrade Restrictions - 1 • Your system

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 24 Upgrade Restrictions - 1 • Your system may not be able to benefit from an upgrade. – Limits on RAM and CPU that motherboard supports • You can replace motherboards, but the benefits over replacing the system are likely to be fewer. – Limits on graphics card interface to system – Limits on screen performance V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 25 Upgrade Restrictions - 2 – Space in

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 25 Upgrade Restrictions - 2 – Space in the case • Particularly for laptops – Also remember power supply capacity • Big hard disks and powerful graphics cards need a large amount of power. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 26 Peripherals • There is considerably less scope

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 26 Peripherals • There is considerably less scope for upgrading peripherals. – Some printers may be able to take more memory or advanced paper handling equipment. • Double sided printing, collating, binding etc. – Some scanners may take different media handling facilities. • Books, photographic transparencies or negatives, document feeders – There is not much you can do to upgrade a keyboard or mouse. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 27 Replacement - 1 • In some cases,

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 27 Replacement - 1 • In some cases, you will have to replace a system to get the required performance or facilities. – Do you need to replace the whole system? • The current monitor, keyboard, mouse will probably be fine • If not, keep the old components that still work for spares. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 28 Replacement - 2 – You can also

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 28 Replacement - 2 – You can also pass down systems. • Make sure that the most powerful systems go to the users that need them. • Replace at the top of the performance range and move older systems to users who need less power. • Increases overall systems life, reduces costs, better for environment V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 29 Maintenance Precautions - 1 • This is

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 29 Maintenance Precautions - 1 • This is largely a repeat of the same slide in the previous topic, because the points are the same. • Back up all user data. • Back up or record all system settings. • Establish an application checkpoint (System Restore point in Windows). • Do the upgrade on one system and test before rolling out. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 30 Maintenance Precautions - 2 • Keep a

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 30 Maintenance Precautions - 2 • Keep a copy of the update files in case you have to do a full re-installation and then roll forward. • If it still works, keep the component you have removed as a spare. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 31 Sources - 1 • Check manufacturers’ websites

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 31 Sources - 1 • Check manufacturers’ websites to see which hardware upgrades will fit your system. • Updates to drivers can usually be obtained from the manufacturer’s website and may improve performance. • Hardware upgrades can be obtained from your usual supplier or from Internet suppliers. – Often great choice and better prices are available online. V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 32 Sources - 2 • There are many

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 32 Sources - 2 • There are many websites on upgrading hardware (do a search). Here are three examples: – http: //tinyurl. com/6 jebr 5 f – http: //tinyurl. com/aqq 53 s – http: //tinyurl. com/6 cbng 6 n V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 33 Topic 9 – Hardware Maintenance Any Questions?

Hardware Maintenance Topic 9 - 9. 33 Topic 9 – Hardware Maintenance Any Questions? V 1. 0 © NCC Education Limited