Classification of Hazardous chemicals are classified into 9

Classification of Hazardous chemicals are classified into 9 classes

1. Explosives : 1. 1 : Explosives with a mass explosion hazard 1. 2 : Explosives with a projection hazard 1. 3 : Explosives with predominantly a fire hazard 1. 4 : Explosives with no significant blast hazard 1. 5 : Very Insensitive explosive , blasting agent 1. 6 : Extremely insensitive detonating substances Detonate : Supersonic Speed : >1100 feet / Second TNT has detonation : 22, 600 feet / Second

2. COMPRESSED GASES: Non Flammable Gases : • Nitrogen Flammable Gases : • LPG • Acetylene • Hydrogen Toxic Gases : • Chlorine • Phosgene

Compressed gases : Cylinder • Do not consider any gas cylinder simple, it can be dangerous • Gas cylinders should be coloured as per the colour code • Do not allow any cylinder to be stored in direct sunlight / temperature • While moving cylinders from one place to other, do not allow to roll the same on ground. Either shift the same in a cage or shift rolling upright. • Never assume a cylinder is empty • Use gas cylinders with proper pressure gauges • Do not grease cylinder valves • Do not hammer the cylinders

INDUSTRIAL GAS CYLINDERS COLOUR CODE AND DESCRIPTIONS GAS OXY GEN NITR OGEN CAR BON DIO XIDE AMM ONIA FREO N - 12 BLAC K RED & YELL OW Bottom end Grey Neck end Violet None ARG ON CHLO RINE HYDR OGEN ACETY LENE LPG AIR RED GRE Y NON E VISUAL IDENTIFICAT ION DISTINCTIVE COLOUR BODY BAND SIZE IN COMM. USE LENGTH (M) BLA CK GREY NON E NONE WHI TE 1. 6 1. 52 1. 5 1. 46 1. 22 1. 6 1. 4 BLU E NON E 1. 5 YELL OW RED NONE 1. 5 1. 6 2. 0 1. 45 MARO ON NONE 1. 6 1. 2 1. 45

3. Flammable Liquids : • Mineral Turpentine / MCEE - 10 • Toluene • Xylene • Acetone • IPA • DAA • Hexane • MEK • Styrene • Methyl Methacrylate • 2 Ethyl Hexyl Acrylate • Butyl Acrylate

Upper Explosive Limit 12. 8 % Flammable range for Acetone Lower Explosive Limit 2. 5 %

Upper Explosive Limit 6. 0 % Flammable range for Mineral Turpentine Lower Explosive Limit 0. 8 - 0. 9 %

Upper Explosive Limit 6. 0 % Flammable range for Xylene Lower Explosive Limit 1. 0 %

• 4. 1 : - Flammable solids [solids other than those classified as explosive, which are readily combustible or may cause fire through friction] • 4. 2: - Solids liable for spontaneous combustion. • 4. 3: - Solids which in contact with water emit flammable gases.

4. Flammable Solids : • Sodium • Potassium Compound • Aluminum Paste • Zinc Dust • Sodium Benzoate • Linol Green 6 YKPN • MPA 60

4. Flammable Solids : • Hansa Yellow Brilliant 5 GX • Yellow Oxide 1814 • Zinc Chrome • Sudarshan Fast • Capolyte CP - 100 • Rubine Toner

• 5. 1 : - Oxidizing substance [substances which while themselves not necessarily combustible may generally by yielding oxygen, cause or contribute to the combustion of other materials. ] • 5. 2: - Organic peroxides [organic chemicals which contain O – O structure and may be considered derivatives of hydrogen peroxide. Organic peroxides are thermally unstable and may undergo exothermic self sustaining decomposition causing rapid burning and / or explosion. They may also be sensitive to impact or friction or may react dangerously with other substances or may cause damage to eyes. ]

5. Oxidizing Substances : • H 2 O 2 • Kmno 4 • Ag. No 3 • DTBP è Oxidizers accept electrons in chemical reaction èRelease oxygen and help in continuation of fire

• Poisonous [toxic] substances. The word poisonous has the same meaning as toxic. These substances are liable either to cause death or serious injury or to harm human health. If swallowed or inhaled or by skin contact. • Infectious substances. These are substances containing microorganisms or toxins, which are known or suspected to cause disease in animals or humans.

Toxicity The dose determines level of toxicity • Dose = Concentration X exposure Time • Acute vs. Chronic – alcohol consumption • Local vs. Systemic – pet flea shampoo

Toxicology Definitions PEL-Permissible Exposure Level • Levels established by OSHA for personnel exposure to air contaminants. IDLH-Imminently Dangerous to Life and Health • NIOSH recommendation; refers to acute respiratory exposure that poses an immediate threat of loss of life or immediate or delayed irreversible effects on health

Toxicity Definitions Asphyxiant - prevents oxygen from reaching body tissue. – carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide. Allergen/Sensitizer - causes allergic reaction which can be lethal (anaphylaxsis) – DCC, isocyanates, organophosphates, heavy metals Carcinogen - known to, or suspected of, causing cancer – benzene Teratogen - reproductive toxins which may do damage to the fetus – dioxins, DES Mutagen - reproductive toxins which may damage or interfere with genetic material

6. Poisonous Substances : • Cyanides • Herbicides • Fungicides • Biocides

7. Radioactive • Radium • Uranium • Thorium • Plutonium

8. Corrosive Substances : • Acids • Alkalies • Phenol • TPP

9. Other Hazardous Substances :

Safety Diamond • Ratings are from – 0: no hazard to – 4: extreme hazard • “Special Cautions”: – oxidizers, acids, bases, or corrosive materials