Chapter 9 America in World War I Wilson

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Chapter 9: America in World War I

Chapter 9: America in World War I

Wilson and Latin America • Mexico was going through revolution • “Pancho” Villa killed

Wilson and Latin America • Mexico was going through revolution • “Pancho” Villa killed some Americans in an attempt to provoke Americans • Troops in Mexico, Nicaragua, Haiti, & the Dominican Republic. Dollar Diplomacy • This use of force only led to hatred of Americans then and now

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The Great War Begins • The Assassination of Austrian archduke triggered World War I

The Great War Begins • The Assassination of Austrian archduke triggered World War I • Innovations that changed warfare in WWI – machine guns, land mines, long-range artillery, & high-velocity rifles • Trench warfare gave WWI its lasting character

The United States & Neutrality • Most high American Officials were pro. British •

The United States & Neutrality • Most high American Officials were pro. British • After Lusitania Wilson sent notes to Germany to stop such actions and pay reparations • Election of 1916 Wilson’s promise to keep the U. S. out of the war. • The Revenue Act of 1916 • Zimmermann Telegram

The U. S. Goes to War • The Congressional resolution for war passed overwhelmingly

The U. S. Goes to War • The Congressional resolution for war passed overwhelmingly • Liberty Loan Act • The Food Administration – taught Americans to plant victory gardens & use leftovers wisely

War Industries Board was the most Important agency Bernard Baruch

War Industries Board was the most Important agency Bernard Baruch

U. S. War Propaganda • Wilson put George Creel a Denver newspaperman in charge

U. S. War Propaganda • Wilson put George Creel a Denver newspaperman in charge of this Committee on Public Information • They made films, i. e. The Beast of Berlin • “Four-Minute” men speeches to buy liberty bonds, conserve food, fuel, etc.

Espionage & Sedition Acts of 1917 -1918 • Under these acts criticism of the

Espionage & Sedition Acts of 1917 -1918 • Under these acts criticism of the government leaders or war policies became a crime • Socialist leader Eugene Debs went to jail for ten years • Schenck v. United States Eugene Debs

America at War • The U. S. Military would grow to 3. 7 million

America at War • The U. S. Military would grow to 3. 7 million • 2 million American troops would cross the Atlantic & 1. 4 would see combat • The U. S. military effort in France helped turn back several German offensives

The Communist Revolution in Russia • Russia had suffered 6. 6 million casualties •

The Communist Revolution in Russia • Russia had suffered 6. 6 million casualties • The Czarist government had little control in 1917 • The White Russians tried to gain power but the Bolsheviks signed a treaty with Germany • Bolsheviks were lead by Vladimir Lenin and eventually won Vladimir Lenin

Midterm Elections back in the U. S. • President Wilson begins to get in

Midterm Elections back in the U. S. • President Wilson begins to get in trouble • Working to end the war Wilson lost touch of the political events • Wilson pushed the public to election a Democratic Congress • But instead Democrats lost control of both houses of Congress

Wilson’s Fourteen Points • 1 -5 called for open diplomacy • 6 -12 dealt

Wilson’s Fourteen Points • 1 -5 called for open diplomacy • 6 -12 dealt with selfdetermination for various nationalities • 13 called for Poland to have access to the sea • 14 called for the League of Nations

Europe Before World War I

Europe Before World War I

Europe After World War I

Europe After World War I

Treaty of Versailles and Reparations • The Germans objected to the Treaty of Versailles

Treaty of Versailles and Reparations • The Germans objected to the Treaty of Versailles because they had to pay reparations for the entire war • But in the end they signed the treaty b/c if they didn’t the French threatened to invade Germany

The League of Nations and the Treaty of Versailles in the U. S. •

The League of Nations and the Treaty of Versailles in the U. S. • Sen. Lodge was the leader against the treaty • Wilson went on a nation wide tour to get support for the treaty • Wilson suffered a stoke that paralyzed his left side • Treaty not ratified until 1921 by Harding Henry Cabot Lodge

The Spanish Flu 1918 -1919 • Servicemen brought home the disease • It killed

The Spanish Flu 1918 -1919 • Servicemen brought home the disease • It killed 675, 000 in the U. S. & 22 million worldwide • No plague, war, famine in world history killed so many people in such short time • Doctors never understood why it began or why it ended.

The Red Scare in America 1919 -1920 • People in the U. S. saw

The Red Scare in America 1919 -1920 • People in the U. S. saw labor strikes as the work of Communists • There were also letter bombs in 1919 that Americans saw as work of the “Reds” • But people began to see the bombs as they were actions of ‘lunatic fringe”

The End of Progressivism • Roosevelt and Taft gone and with Wilson paralyzed •

The End of Progressivism • Roosevelt and Taft gone and with Wilson paralyzed • The Republican party came back very conservatively after the Bull Moose Party split • The 1920 s were going to be a conservative and isolationist era for America