World War II 1939 1945 APUSH Part II

World War II 1939 -1945 APUSH Part II

Allied vs. Axis Powers • Allied Powers: Great Britain, France, USA, Soviet Union • Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan

Selective Service • U. S. Fought WWII in two fronts; Atlantic & Pacific • 5 million volunteers not enough to effectively wage war • Selective Service added 10 million soldiers • What was the role of women & minorities in the war effort?

Women in WWII • Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC) • Allowed women volunteers to join the military and serve in non-combat positions • How did women help out on the home front during WWII? • Took over jobs left behind by men

Minorities & WWII • WWII created problems in armed forces • As minorities rushed to enlist the military was pressured to end discrimination & segregation • Despite poor treatment many minority groups continued to serve in U. S. Military

A. Philip Randolph • Organized march on Washington to protest discrimination in military & industry • Met with FDR who issued order for end of discrimination in industry • Why was it so important to end discrimination in industry during WWII?

Industry during WWII • Many African. Americans & women work industrial jobs for the first time • Support for war time industries just as important as support for war itself • Women and Minorities proved they are just as capable in factory work as white men “Rosie the Riveter”

Economic Conversion • Economy must shift to totally support war effort • Factories converted to war production • Mechanical pencils = bomb parts • Bedspreads = mosquito nets • Less chrome on cars • Increased ship building

Rationing & Price Controls • Rationing of rare goods to conserve resources during WWII • Meat, sugar, coffee • Shoes, metal, gasoline • Price controls to stop inflation • War Production Board (WPB) Rationed fuel & materials vital to war effort • Office of Price Administration (OPA) fought wartime inflation by freezing wages, prices and rent

Japanese Internment • After Pearl Harbor many innocent Japanese Americans are sent to internment camps • Hypocritical? • Many Americans falsely thought Japanese immigrants were spies • 110, 000 Japanese Americans put in 10 “relocation centers”, mostly on the West Coast

German Blitzkrieg • Nazi military Strategy, quick moving military attacks • Based on surprise and use of overwhelming force

Battle for the Atlantic • Hitler order’s U-boat attacks on U. S. ships • Hitler’s goal was to cut off Europe from U. S. supplies • Allies use convoy ships with sonar to defeat Axis powers and take control of Atlantic

D-Day • June 6, 1944 • Began the Battle of Normandy • 3 million allied troops invade Nazi controlled Northern France • Commanded by Dwight D. Eisenhower • Land-Sea-Air assault • Allies liberate France from German control

Allied troops landing at Normandy

The Fall of Berlin • April of 1945 the Soviet Army marches into Berlin, Germany’s capital • German citizens and the gov’t panicked • Hitler commits suicide • May 8, 1945 Allies celebrate V-E day • FDR dies on April 12, 1945

War in the Pacific • Early on Japan dominate the Pacific WWII theater • U. S. Navy is devastated from surprise attack on Pearl Harbor • Battle of Midway is the turning point • Allies slowly begin to take territory back from Japanese & move closer to Japan

Battle of Midway June 3, 1942 • Turning point in the Pacific War • Allies break Japanese code & knew the small island of Midway was next target • Caught Japanese off guard & destroyed 4 aircraft carriers and 250 combat planes

• How does the United States end WWII in the Pacific? • What are the scientific, economic, and military implications of using nuclear warfare?

The Atomic Bomb • Dropped Hiroshima & Nagasaki, Japan • Why did U. S. feel forced to use nuclear weapons? • Why was FDR not apart of this process? • Who became President after FDR died? Harry Truman • 200, 000 people die in Japan

WWII Propaganda • For each poster answer the following two questions: • Who is the poster’s target audience? • Most important/appealing aspect of the poster • After viewing all the posters answer the following question: • Which Poster is most effective in getting its message across?

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda