WATER POLLUTION Chapter 11 WATER POLLUTION Any contamination
- Slides: 19
WATER POLLUTION Chapter 11
WATER POLLUTION Any contamination of water that lessens its value to humans and other species, aquatic and non aquatic. Classification: By the source By the chemical
POLLUTION ROUTES • Surface water • Bodies of water that have direct contact with the atmosphere • Ground Water • Water found in the ground, either in saturation or deep deposits
POINT SOURCE • Well defined location (a point) • Sewage treatment or factory/plant waste • Discharges straight into surface or ground water
NONPOINT SOURCE • Do not come from distinct points • Comes from farmland area where pesticides and artificial fertilizer are used • Chemicals can drain/leach into ground water or into surface water
CHEMICAL TYPE CLASSIFICATIONS • Sediment • Inorganic nutrients • Thermal pollution • Disease-producing microorganisms • Toxic organic chemicals • Heavy metals • Oxygen-demanding organic wastes
SEDIMENTATION • Sand, silt, and clay eroded from soils and washed from roadways • 0. 9 billion metric tons of soil are washed into our aquatic systems in the US annually • The Mississippi River carries 210 million metric tons into the Gulf of Mexico each year
WHERE DOES SEDIMENT COME FROM • Natural stream bank erosion • Wind erosion • Farmland • Construction sites • Timber harvesting • Strip Mining
HARMFUL EFFECTS OF SOIL EROSION • Sediment will damage turbines in hydroelectric plants • Harbors and river channels must be dredged periodically • Soil can often times carry chemicals and pesticides • Suspended solids block sunlight which kill algae • Reduces oxygen • Kills bacteria
CONTOUR FARMING • Plowing, seeding, cultivating and harvesting at a right angle to the direction of the slopes • Jefferson practiced this method • Most farming years ago went up and down slopes
STRIP CROPPING • Growing crops that different types of tillage (one row crop alternated with one cover crop) • Crops are sown along contours or across the prevailing wind direction to decrease soil erosion by water & wind • Example: • Row crop (corn, potatoes, tobacco) • Cover crop (hay, soybeans)
TERRACING • Practiced by Incas and Peru and by the ancient Chinese • Limited land space due to populations • Tilled into the mountains • Allows the whole surface to be farmed • Benched terraces can allow water to stay on a surface • Rice fields
GULLY RECLAMATION • Gullies are erosion channels too large to be erased by ordinary farming operations • They are active when their walls are free of vegetation • Must be plowed and seeded at first notice
CONSERVATION TILLAGE • Plowing with different types of blades to reduce soil erosion • No till practices • Leave at least 30% of the crop residue • Farmers are encourage to practice this method
- Tse bse certificate in pharmaceutical
- Contamination vs cross contamination
- Observations
- Chapter 11 section 3 water pollution answer key
- Water and water and water water
- No there aren't
- Any to any connectivity
- Seknder
- Chapter 11 section 2 water use and management
- Irradiation vs contamination
- Irradiation vs contamination
- Septic tank contamination groundwater
- Food contamination monitoring system
- Arc welding objectives
- Reason of food spoilage
- Propagation delay
- Direct contamination meaning
- Particulate contamination in infusions
- Contamination and deficiency of a job performance measure
- Food safety questions and answers