The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol Status

The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol Status and steps towards ratification Ozone Secretariat UNEP

Agreed HFC phasedown schedule Non-A 5 parties Group 1* Group 2** Group 1# Group 2## Baseline formula Average HFC consumption for 2020 -2022 + 65% of HCFC baseline Average HFC consumption for 2024 -2026 + 65% of HCFC baseline Average HFC consumption for 2011 -2013 + 15% of HCFC baseline Average HFC consumption for 2011 -2013 + 25% of HCFC baseline Freeze 2024 2028 - - 1 st step 2029 – 10% 2032 – 10% 2019 – 10% 2020 – 5% 2 nd step 2035 – 30% 2037 – 30% 2024 – 40% 2025 – 35% 3 rd step 2040 – 50% 2042 – 50% 2029 – 70% 4 th step - - 2034 – 80% Plateau 2045 – 80% 2047 – 85% 2036 – 85% * Group 1: A 5 parties not part of Group 2 ** Group 2: Bahrain, India, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE # Group 1: non-A 5 parties not part of Group 2 (including Azerbaijan and Ukraine) ## Group 2: Belarus, Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan

81 parties have ratified 1. Albania 2. Andorra 3. Armenia 4. Austria 5. Australia 6. Barbados 7. Belgium 8. Benin 9. Bulgaria 10. Burkina Faso 11. Canada 12. Chad 13. Chile 14. Comoros 15. Cook Islands 16. Costa Rica 17. Côte d'Ivoire 18. Croatia 19. Cuba 20. Cyprus 21. Czech Republic 22. Denmark 23. Democratic People's Republic of Korea 24. Ecuador 25. Estonia 26. 3 Ethiopia 27. European Union 28. Finland 29. France 30. Gabon 31. Germany 32. Ghana 33. Greece 34. Grenada 35. Guinea Bissau 36. Honduras 37. Hungary 38. Ireland 39. Japan 40. Kiribati 41. Lao People's Democratic Republic 42. Latvia 43. Lithuania 44. Luxembourg 45. Malawi 46. Maldives 47. Mali 48. Marshall Islands 49. Mexico 50. Micronesia (Federated States of) 51. Montenegro 52. Namibia 53. Netherlands 54. Niger 55. Nigeria 56. Niue 57. Norway 58. Palau 59. Panama 60. Paraguay 61. Peru 62. Poland 63. Portugal 64. Rwanda 65. Samoa 66. Senegal 67. Seychelles 68. Slovakia 69. Slovenia 70. South Africa 71. Sri Lanka 72. Sweden 73. Switzerland 74. Togo 75. Tonga 76. Trinidad and Tobago 77. Tuvalu 78. Uganda 79. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 80. Uruguay 81. Vanuatu

Reasons to ratify • Ratification of the Kigali Amendment will contribute to the protection of the global climate – avoiding up to 0. 4 degree Celsius of global temperature rise by 2100 • All amendments and adjustments to the Montreal Protocol have universal support • Article 5 parties to the Kigali Amendment will have access to financial and technical support provided under the Multilateral Fund for the implementation of the Montreal Protocol • CEITs to the Kigali Amendment will have access to financial and technical support provided under the Global Environment Facility (GEF)

Support to Article 5 parties • Flexibility to prioritize HFCs, define sectors, select technologies and alternatives and elaborate and implement strategies to meet agreed HFC obligations, based on specific needs and national circumstances, following a country-driven approach • Enterprises to be eligible for funding for second and third conversions for HFC phasedown (those which already converted to HFCs to phase out ODSs under the Protocol)

Support to Article 5 parties • Support to be provided for capacity building, institutional strengthening, import and export licencing, Article 7 data reporting, demonstration projects and the development of national strategies for phasing down HFCs • Possibility for high-ambient-temperature exemption and other exemptions, such as for essential uses and critical uses • Implementation Committee operates in a facilitative manner to support parties’ compliance with access to further assistance. Article 5 parties’ compliance is dependent on the financial mechanism and transfer of technology

Support to CEITs • Eligible countries with economies in transition – Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan • Support to be provided by GEF from allocation of US$23 million for activities like those funded by MLF • Eligible countries may apply to access the funds during GEF 7 replenished 4 -year period from July 2018 to June 2022 • Funds can be accessed through medium size projects of $2 million or less approved by GEF CEO or through full size projects that are over $2 million which are approved by GEF Council

More benefits of ratification • Avoidance of trade controls: Kigali Amendment will restrict trade in HFCs between parties and non-parties from 1 Jan 2033 • Leaving behind obsolete technologies: A Kigali Amendment non-party may use technologies that are becoming obsolete, placing it at an economic disadvantage • Phase-down not phase-out: recognition that in some circumstances HFC use will be appropriate • Continuation of the institutions of the MP at national level such as the National Ozone Units and building on their experience

Implications of ratifying • Administrative costs may include: § Adapting existing laws to achieve the HFC phase-down § Extending the import and export licensing system to cover HFCs § Arrangements for customs officers to assume extra responsibilities concerning HFCs in some countries § Surveying existing HFC consumption and production funded by the MLF § Expanding the resources to report data under the Amendment § Developing strategy and framework for the HFC phase-down including monitoring and enforcement

Decision XXVIII/2 related to the Kigali Amendment

Decision XXVIII/2: key issues • International standards: Recognises importance of timely updating of international standards; supports promoting actions that allow safe market introduction of alternative technologies • Relationship with HCFC phase-out: Acknowledges the link between HFC and HCFC reduction schedules relevant to sectors, preference to avoid transitions from HCFC to high-GWP HFCs • Country-driven approach: Parties have flexibility to prioritise HFCs, define sectors, select technologies and alternatives

Decision XXVIII/2: funding issues • Amendment maintains Multilateral Fund (and GEF in case of CEITs) as the financial mechanism for implementation of the Amendment • Sufficient additional resources to be provided to cover incremental costs related to HFC phasedown • Ex. Com to develop guidelines for financing HFC phase-down and to revise the rules of procedure with a view to build in more flexibility for Article 5 parties

Decision XXVIII/2: funding issues • Cut off date for eligible HFC production and consumption capacity is 1 January 2020 (for baseline 2020 -2022) or 1 January 2024 (for baseline 2024 -2026) • Requests Ex. Com to incorporate principle for funding of second and third conversions i. e. enterprise converts first to HFC and then converts from HFC to low- or zero-GWP alternatives • Requests Ex. Com to include specific funding for enabling activities e. g. capacity building and training for handling HFC alternatives

Decision XXVIII/2: funding issues • Directs Ex. Com to increase institutional strengthening support • Requests Ex. Com to develop cost guidance for maintaining or enhancing energy efficiency of low- or zero-GWP replacement technologies and equipment • Requests Ex. Com to prioritise technical assistance and capacity building to address safety issues concerning low- and zero-GWP alternatives • Disposal: Requests Ex. Com to consider funding cost effective management of stockpiles of used or unwanted controlled substances, including destruction • Parties may identify other eligible cost items to add to the indicative list of incremental costs arising from conversion to low. GWP alternatives

Decision XXVIII/2: other exemptions • To allow for essential and critical use, for production or consumption that is necessary to satisfy uses agreed by the parties to be exempted uses • Mechanisms for exemptions to be considered in 2029, including multi-year exemptions

Towards ratification • Each party is required to take necessary steps at the national level, as specified in their constitutional arrangements to move ahead with ratification of the amendment at the international level • The Ozone Secretariat has produced a Briefing Note on Ratification to assist the parties • Ozone Secretariat and Compliance Assistance Programme (CAP) teams under UNEP are ready to assist the parties

Thank you