The Allied Victory Chapter 16 4 The Allied
- Slides: 23
The Allied Victory Chapter 16. 4
The Allied Victory December 22, 1941 Winston Churchill and President Roosevelt meet to develop a war policy. Stalin had asked for help to split Germany into 2 separate fronts.
The Tide Turns on Two Fronts • The North African Campaign – Rommel takes Tobruk, Libya June 1942; pushes toward Egypt – British General Montgomery fiercely attacks at El Alamein, forces Rommel back and retreated west – American forces land in Morocco, November 1942 – Operation Torch – General Dwight D. Eisenhower – American commander in Morocco – In May 1943, Rommel’s forces were defeated by Eisenhower and Montgomery’s forces
The Tide Turns on Two Fronts The Battle for Stalingrad – Summer 1942, German army moves to capture Soviet oil fields – August 23, 1942, Battle of Stalingrad – Soviets, Germans battle for control of city • Luftwaffe – nightly bombing raids on city • By November – Germans controlled 90% of city – but then were surrounded and trapped • By February 1943 90, 000 frost bitten Germans surrendered
The Tide Turns on Two Fronts • The Invasion of Italy – U. S. , British forces land on, capture Sicily on July 19, 1943 – Mussolini loses power but Germans keep control of northern Italy • Victor Emanuel III had him arrested – Allies invade Italy, but Germans keep fighting there until war ends – Italy surrenders September 3, 1943
The Allied Home Front Mobilizing for War in US – Fighting the war requires complete use of all national resources – 17 to 18 million US workers – many of them women – make weapons – People at home face shortages of consumer goods – Propaganda aims to inspire civilians to aid war effort War Limits Civil Rights – Japanese Americans face prejudice, fear – Army puts Japanese Americans in interment camps in 1942
US Mobilization
WW 2 in The Bay Area Shipbuilding, liberty ships. Supply the Pacific theater with ammunition, food and other supplies. Headquarters for Army, Navy. Massive increase in population • Opportunities for minorities & women.
Japanese Internment
Japanese Internment
442 nd Infantry Regiment Japanese American Regiment Most decorated regiment in WW 2 21 Medals of Honor
Victory in Europe • The D-Day Invasion – Allies plan invasion of France; use deception to confuse Germans – D-Day – June 6, 1944; day of “Operation Overlord” invasion of France – Allied forces capture Normandy beaches; liberate Paris by September • The Battle of the Bulge – US, British forces advance on Germany from west, Soviets from east – Battle of the Bulge – German counterattack in December 1944 – Germans gain early success but forced to retreat
Battle of the Bulge, December 1944 • Last German offensive of the war • Try to breakthrough Allied lines, cutoff supplies • Germans are pushed back after initial successes
Victory In Europe Germany’s Unconditional Surrender • By 1945, Allied armies approach Germany from two sides • Soviets surrounded Berlin in April 1945 Hitler commits suicide • On May 9, 1945, Germany officially surrender. • President Roosevelt dies in April; Harry Truman becomes President
Soviets Take Berlin, April, 1945
Victory in the Pacific The Japanese in Retreat – Allies move to retake the Philippines in late 1944 – Battle of Leyte Gulf leaves Japanese navy badly damaged – Kamikazes – Japanese pilots who fly suicide missions. – In March 1945, American forces capture Iwo Jima. – US takes Okinawa in June 1945; Japan suffers huge casualties.
Island Hopping
Victory in the Pacific The Japanese Surrender • Advisors warn Truman that invasion of Japan will cost many lives • He has alternative; powerful new weapon called atomic bomb • Manhattan Project – secret program to develop the atomic bomb
– Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, August 6, 1945; about 75, 000 die – Nagasaki bombed on August 9; 70, 000 die immediately – Japanese surrender on September 2, 1945 on the battleship Missouri
- Chapter 16 section 4 the allied victory
- Chapter 16 section 4 the allied victory
- Chapter 16 section 4 the allies are victorious
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