Sports Trauma Types of Injuries Acute injuries may

Sports Trauma

Types of Injuries • Acute injuries may be due to extrinsic causes, such as a direct blow, either as a result of contact with another player or equipment, or intrinsic causes, such as a ligament sprain or muscle tear. acute injuries may be classifi ed according to the particular site injured (e. g. bone, cartilage, joint, ligament, muscle, tendon, bursa, nerve or skin) and the type of injury (e. g. fracture, dislocation, sprain or strain). • Overuse injuries present three distinct challenges to the clinician— diagnosis, treatment and an under- standing of why the injury occurred. Diagnosis requires taking a comprehensive history of the onset, nature and site of the pain along with a thorough assessment of potential risk factors, for example, training and technique.

Contact and Non-Contact Injury • • Direct / Contact Injury A direct injury is caused by an external blow or force (extrinsic causes) A collision with another person e. g. during a tackle in rugby or football Being struck with an object e. g. a basketball or hockey stick • • Indirect / Non-Contact Injury An indirect injury can occur in two ways (intrinsic causes): • The actual injury can occur some distance from the impact site e. g. falling on an outstretched hand can result in a dislocated shoulder The injury does not result from physical contact with an object or person, but from internal forces built up by the actions of the performer, such as may be caused by overstretching, poor technique, fatigue and lack of fitness. (e. g. muscle strain or ligament sprain) •

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome • Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a disorder characterized by extreme fatigue or tiredness that doesn’t go away with rest and can’t be explained by an underlying medical condition. • CFS can also be referred to as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) or systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID). • The CAUSE OF CFS is unknown. Researchers speculate that contributing factors may include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. viruses a weakened immune system stress hormonal imbalances It’s also possible that some people are genetically predisposed to develop CFS