Spain Claims An Empire FROM WHO Warm Up

Spain Claims An Empire FROM WHO?

Warm Up Suppose you are an explorer in the 1500 s. You are outfitting your ship for an ocean voyage. What will you need? (list at least 5 items) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=3521 x. URSXk 8

In his own words: (Guess who wrote this) THURSDAY, OCTOBER 11 He sailed to the west-south-west. They had much higher sea than they had in all the village. They saw petrels and a green branch near the ship. Those on the caravel Pinta saw a reed and a stick and they took another small stick formed as it appeared with iron, and a piece of a reed and other grass which grows on land, and a small board. Those on the caravel Nina also saw other indications of land a little branch full of dog-roses. With these signs everyone breathed and rejoiced. They went 27 leagues during this day up to sunset.

Spice Trade/Silk Road http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Silk_route. jpg

New Technology �Caravel �Portuguese �Square and triangular sails �Could sail with and against the wind http: //library. thinkquest. org/J 0110360/Images/scarrack. jpg

Two early Portuguese explorers �Bartolomeu Dias January 1488, sailed around the southern tip of Africa, named it the Cape of Good Hope. Remember about the current we learned about? �Vasco de Gama Followed Dias’ route, and kept going to India. Thus opening up the trade route between Portugal and India. http: //www. ucalgary. ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/map. ht ml

Jealousy �First the Italians controlled trade with Asia �Then the Portuguese �What follows logically Other countries want a piece of the pie!

Problem �The Italians and Portuguese are the best sailors. Solution �?

Problem �The Italians and Portuguese are the best sailors. Solution �Hire an Italian or a Portuguese sailor

Christopher Columbus �Italian sailor, from Genoa �Thought he knew a faster route �First asked Portuguese, then the Spanish royal court �King Ferdinand Queen Isabella assented and funded the voyage � 3 ships Niña Pinta Santa Maria �First voyage left August 3, 1492, and arrive on October 12.

Concept of the World http: //i. dailymail. co. uk/i/pix/2010/05/05/article-1272921 -093 BA 55 C 000005 DC-175_634 x 426. jpg

How long was the trip? �August 3 rd to October 12?

How long was the trip? �August 3 rd to October 12? �More than 2 months. �The crew was close to mutiny. Columbus is said to kept a duplicate log to indicate false progress to show his crew.

Several Voyages http: //media. web. britannica. com/eb-media/56/89956 -004 -9851 B 885. gif

Christopher Columbus The BAD Two days after he “discovered” America, Columbus wrote in his journal that with 50 men he could force “the entire population be taken to Castile, or held captive. ” On his second voyage, December 1494, Columbus captured 1, 500 Tainos on the island of Hispaniola and herded them to Isabela, where 550 of “the best males and females” were forced aboard ships bound for the slave markets of Seville. Under Columbus’ leadership, the Spanish attacked Taino, sparing neither men, women, nor children. Warfare, forced labor, starvation, and disease reduced Hispaniola’s Taino population (estimated at one million to two million in 1492) to extinction within 30 years. http: //www. nytimes. com/1989/11/04/opinion/l-slavery-and-colonialism-make-up-the-true-legacy-of-columbus-866089. html? ref=christophercolumbus

Splitting up the World �In response to westward exploration, Pope Alexander VI drew an imaginary line around the world. West of the line belonged to Spain, east to Portugal. �The king of Portugal petitioned for a new line, one that favored Portugal. A new line was drawn.

Treaty of Tordesillas http: //geography. about. com/library/weekly/aa 112999 a. htm

Impact What present day situations can be traced directly back to the Treaty of Tordesillas?

Impact What present day situations can be traced directly back to the Treaty of Tordesillas? �Brazil and Macau both speak Portuguese. http: //www. greece-map. net/south-america-map. gif http: //1. bp. blogspot. com/j. EE 5 Ng. Sv. BAo/Tjg. Jve. PVwf. I/AAAACp 8/1 v. V 3 Nh. DAHxo/s 1600/macau+map+2003 b. jpg

Three More Sailors Amerigo Vespucci 1. a. b. Does that name sound familiar? 1501 2. Vasco Nunez de Balboa a. b. Crossed Panama and found the Pacific Ocean 1513 3. Ferdinand Magellan a. b. c. d. Considered a great explorer Set out in 1519 with 5 ships Circumnavigated the world Only one ship returned, sans Magellan, in 1522

Magellan’s Route http: //www. robinsonlibrary. com/geography/discoveries/graphics/magellan 2. gif

The flipside of exploration Conquest �There were 2 main reasons to colonize the new world Ideological expansion with missionaries Economic expansion with mercantilism Exports over imports Relied on trade

Existing peoples Spanish explorers didn’t have many scruples about dominating cultures they met, including Aztecs and Incas. �In 1519, Hernando Cortes landed on the coast of Mexico. �The Aztec emperor, Montezuma thought Cortes was an Aztec god. �Cortes took advantage and used Montezuma to rule the Aztecs � 1521, La Noche Triste � 1521, Tenochtitlan falls, replaced with Mexico City

Fall of the Incas In 1531, a conquistador named Francisco Pizarro led 180 men into Peru. Slaughtered the Incas and their emperor. http: //search. snapdo. com/? category=Images&start=1&st=ds&q=pic+of+Francisco+Pizarro

The secret weapons �Guile �Disease �Technology �Brutality

The secret weapons �Guile – seeming nice and then being mean �Disease �Technology �Brutality

The secret weapons �Guile – seeming nice and then being mean �Disease – small pox �Technology �Brutality

The secret weapons �Guile – seeming nice and then being mean �Disease – small pox �Technology – better guns, cannons, boats �Brutality

The secret weapons �Guile – seeming nice and then being mean �Disease – small pox �Technology – better guns, cannons, boats �Brutality – felt a human’s life was worth less than profit

Graphic Organizer 1492 1542

Key Questions �Why did the Europeans want to explore the Americas? �Why did Native American Civilizations fall so quickly?

Home Fun �Pretend that you’re a member of the Santa Maria’s crew. Write what it feels like to see land after 3 months at sea. http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Keb. R 0 l 0 W 4 tg