Space Radiation Environment P Nieminen ESAESTEC The Netherlands
- Slides: 12
Space Radiation Environment P. Nieminen, ESA/ESTEC, The Netherlands · · · · Overview Solar cosmic rays Trapped particles in the Earth’s magnetosphere Cosmic Rays Other sources SREM on ESA missions Conclusions ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 1
Anomalous cosmic rays Galactic and extra-galactic cosmic rays Jovian electrons Neutrinos Solar X-rays Induced emission Solar flare neutrons and g-rays 11 February 2000 Genova (I) Trapped particles Solar flare electrons, protons, and heavy ions 2
Solar cycles Sunspot number from 1750 Yohkoh SXT 1991 and 1995 ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 3
Solar proton/ion events SOHO EIT New Mexico Ha image Proton event on 20 -23 April -98 & ISO Star Tracker fake counts ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 4
SOHO LASCO instrument before the event. . . … and after. ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 5
Trapped particles The SAA ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 6
Trapped particles Electron spectra Proton spectra REM data ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 7
Cosmic rays Peak at ~500 Me. V Anomalous CR In space, long-term data from various missions On ground, terrestrial source (cosmic ray showers): Neutron monitor network High-energy tail up to ~1022 e. V ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 8
“Exotic” sources Jovian electrons from Mercury to outer Solar System “Knee” at ~20 Me. V Solar neutrons (at 1 AU ~10 Me. V and above) ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 9
Aluminum Tantalum Silicon (detectors) Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) e. Trade-off: - Performance - Cost - Mass - Volume e(p+) D 1 D 2 Optimised Al-Ta “Sandwich structure”. Simulation outcome: modularity (D 3) - Electrons > 0. 5 Me. V - Protons > 10 Me. V - Heavy ions qualitatively ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 10
International Space Station INTEGRAL PROBA Missions with SREM. . . Rosetta FIRST Mars Express ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 11
Conclusions · Space radiation environment highly complex and dynamic · From DNA damage point of view, heavy ions have priority; however other sources & secondary emissions also need to be considered · ESA-sponsored work on several space-specific modules completed or underway; the toolkit has the required basic capabilities ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section 11 February 2000 Genova (I) 12
