Sentinel Dynamic Fire Location Near Real Time Emergency

Sentinel: Dynamic Fire Location

Near- Real Time Emergency Mapping ‘Sentinel’ Satellite Mapping of Fire Hotspots Environmental Remote Sensing Group CSIRO Land Water Defence Imagery & Geospatial Organisation

Collaborators § Funding Defence Imagery and Geospatial Organisation (DIGO) § Imagery Geoscience Australia (GA) § Implementation CSIRO • Using NASA and University of Maryland algorithms • Based on Geo. MAC fire site hosted by the USGS.

DIGO’s needs § Support Defence personnel deployed in civil emergencies § Continental solution § Identified MODIS data as a possible solution

Key Requirements § All Australia Hotspot Mapping by December 2002 § Satellite to Website in One hour. § MODIS sensor selected § for it’s dynamic range § it’s revisit frequency § Terra and Aqua platforms

Key Requirements § Background imagery § for context § underneath the ‘hotspots’ § by 6 am AEST (18: 00 UTC). § Maps with fire locations delivered as § electronic graphic images (web map interface) § faxable B/W map products § email data distribution.

“SENTINEL” Project Daily Hotspot Detection Example Dec. 26 – Jan. 10 January 1 – 24 ‘ 02 Sequential days in different colours

Terra Satellite Launched December 18, 1999 MODIS MOPITT ASTER MISR CERES

MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) § NASA, Terra & Aqua • launches 1999, 2002 • 705 km polar orbits, descending (10: 30 a. m. ) & ascending (1: 30 p. m. ) § Sensor Characteristics • 36 spectral bands ranging from 0. 41 to 14. 385 µm • cross-track scan mirror with 2330 km swath width • Spatial resolutions: 250 m (bands 1 - 2) 500 m (bands 3 - 7) 1000 m (bands 8 – 36) • 2% reflectance calibration accuracy • onboard solar diffuser & solar diffuser stability monitor http: //modis. gsfc. nasa. gov/

MODIS Synoptic Coverage June 24, 2002 Terra image Aqua image three hours later (images courtesy of the NASA MODIS Science Team)

Other Natural Events that require sub-daily Monitoring & Tracking Dust Cloud October 23, 2002 10: 05 am (Terra) 1: 35 pm (Aqua)

Other Natural Events that Require Daily Monitoring & Tracking Typhoon Silaku off Japan Sept. 4/2002 Phytoplankton Blooms Gulf of St. Vincent, Feb. 19, 2002

Implementation Peter Dyce & Alan Marks CSIRO Land Water

HOTSPOT DETECTION Hotspot Locations are generated by combining information from several MODIS bands.

INFRASTRUCTURE… ACRES Data Acquisition Facility Alice Springs HOTSPOT Linux server Image Processing: Image Reception Image received by X-Band Receiver • Conversion of signal to imagery • Geolocation. • Calibration. • Fire Product Processing • Fire Location point extraction Data Transferred as a text file to Canberra via secure copy protocol

INFRASTRUCTURE… Canberra SDE-bu GIS database IMS-bu Map Server Web Server Incorporation into GIS Map Making • Data reformatted • Imported into Geodatabase • Database processes queries from the Map Server and data returned. • Map Server receives requests from Web Server • Queries made • GIS Layers and Imagery combined to generate maps which are sent to the Web Server Web Map Serving • Web Server receives requests from clients (user browsers) • Requests Passed to the Map server • Maps served to the clients

PRODUCTS… Hotspot data file -19. 525, 147. 465, 322. 6, 1. 0 -19. 527, 147. 475, 331. 0, 1. 0 -19. 703, 145. 773, 333. 0, 1. 1, 1. 0 -20. 023, 145. 398, 332. 1, 1. 0 -20. 566, 148. 250, 330. 5, 1. 0 -20. 293, 146. 196, 330. 7, 1. 0 -20. 294, 146. 206, 342. 2, 1. 0 -20. 296, 146. 216, 342. 7, 1. 0 -20. 250, 145. 858, 329. 5, 1. 1, 1. 0 -20. 305, 146. 214, 330. 0, 1. 0 -20. 261, 145. 867, 330. 3, 1. 1, 1. 0 -20. 314, 146. 213, 331. 3, 1. 0 -20. 315, 146. 223, 337. 1, 1. 0 -20. 325, 146. 221, 332. 5, 1. 0 -20. 595, 145. 525, 330. 7, 1. 1, 1. 0 -20. 669, 145. 464, 332. 4, 1. 1, 1. 0 -20. 935, 145. 180, 365. 2, 1. 1, 1. 0 + = Hotspot data map layer Geographic Data provides context.

Internet Dissemination Canberra Internet

The SENTINEL Bushfire Website www. sentinel. csiro. au

Web Maps are Dynamic. • Fire Locations are displayed in relation to other Geographic data • Maps are rendered and displayed on according to user interaction • Contextual layers can be added or removed. • Maps can be panned and zoomed. • Maps Layers are scale sensitive providing more information at large scales without cluttering the display at small scales.

Sentinel Website - links

Sentinel Website - Links

Sentinel Website

Sentinel Website

Sentinel Website

Sentinel Website

Sentinel Website

Sentinel Website

Future Earth Observing System Concept SENTINEL AUSTRALIA Delivery System: Top Level Projects: Linkages: : Specialised Projects: Fire. Map • DIGO • EMA • RFS Land. Cam • E-Australia FP • HC-FP • NRM Landcare • Rainforest CRC Sugar. Cam • QSL • Canegrowers, Mills Coast. Cam River. Cam • ‘Wealth from Oceans’ • MDBC • Coastal Managers • NRM Boards • HC-FP • Fisheries/Aquaculture • Rainforest-Reef Joint Bid Reef. Cam • GBMPA/AIMS