Section 2 Safety Tools and Equipment and Shop

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Section 2: Safety, Tools and Equipment, and Shop Practices Unit 5: Tools and Equipment

Section 2: Safety, Tools and Equipment, and Shop Practices Unit 5: Tools and Equipment

Objectives • After studying this chapter, you should be able to: – Describe hand

Objectives • After studying this chapter, you should be able to: – Describe hand tools used by the airconditioning, heating, and refrigeration technician – Describe equipment used to install and service air conditioning, heating, and refrigeration systems

General Hand Tools • In general, it is a good idea to buy the

General Hand Tools • In general, it is a good idea to buy the best tools that you can afford • Good hand tools will usually carry the guarantee of replacement if they are broken during regular use

General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Screwdrivers include: – Phillips tip – Straight or

General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Screwdrivers include: – Phillips tip – Straight or slot blade – Offset • Several standard screwdriver bit types – Examples: keystone, hex head, clutch head, square recess

General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Wrenches – Socket with ratchet handle – Open

General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Wrenches – Socket with ratchet handle – Open end, box end, or combination – Adjustable open end – Ratchet box – Pipe – T-Handle hex keys

General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Pliers – General purpose – Needle nose –

General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Pliers – General purpose – Needle nose – Side cutting – Slip joint – Locking

General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Hammers – Ball peen – Soft head –

General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Hammers – Ball peen – Soft head – Carpenter’s claw • Portable electric drill – Cord type – Cordless

Specialized Hand Tools • Assorted nut drivers • Flare nut wrenches • Air conditioning

Specialized Hand Tools • Assorted nut drivers • Flare nut wrenches • Air conditioning and refrigeration reversible ratchets – Hex – Box wrench

Specialized Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Inspection mirrors – Stainless steel – Glass telescoping

Specialized Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Inspection mirrors – Stainless steel – Glass telescoping • Wire stripping and crimping tools • Stapling tackler

Tubing Tools • Tubing cutters – Modern tubing cutter – Large diameter tubing cutters

Tubing Tools • Tubing cutters – Modern tubing cutter – Large diameter tubing cutters • Inner–outer reamers • Deburring tools

Tubing Tools (cont’d. ) • Flaring tools: have a flaring bar, yoke, and a

Tubing Tools (cont’d. ) • Flaring tools: have a flaring bar, yoke, and a feed screw with a flaring cone • Swaging tools – Punch type – Lever type – Die type

Tubing Tools (cont’d. ) • • Tubing brushes Tubing shears Pinch off tools Metalworker’s

Tubing Tools (cont’d. ) • • Tubing brushes Tubing shears Pinch off tools Metalworker’s hammer

Specialized Service and Installation Equipment • The gauge manifold – One of the HVAC/R

Specialized Service and Installation Equipment • The gauge manifold – One of the HVAC/R technician’s most important pieces of equipment – Can read pressures on both the high- and low-pressure sides of the system – Can read pressures below atmospheric on the low-pressure side of the system – Can be of the two-valve or four-valve variety

Specialized Service and Installation Equipment (cont’d. ) • Electronic thermistor vacuum gauge – Measures

Specialized Service and Installation Equipment (cont’d. ) • Electronic thermistor vacuum gauge – Measures the vacuum in a refrigeration system during the evacuation process – Can measure a vacuum down to 50 microns or 0. 050 mm Hg • 1, 000 microns = 1 mm Hg – As a vacuum is pulled on a system the micron level will drop

Specialized Service and Installation Equipment (cont’d. ) • Vacuum pump – Designed to remove

Specialized Service and Installation Equipment (cont’d. ) • Vacuum pump – Designed to remove air and noncondensable gases from an airconditioning or refrigeration system

Refrigerant Leak Detectors • Halide leak detector – Used with acetylene or propane gas

Refrigerant Leak Detectors • Halide leak detector – Used with acetylene or propane gas – The flame heats a copper disc – Combustion air is drawn through a tube – The open end of the tube is passed over fitting or piping – When a leak is detected, the flame will change color (from blue to green)

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Electronic leak detectors – Contain refrigerant-sensitive elements –

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Electronic leak detectors – Contain refrigerant-sensitive elements – Reacts to leaks with rapid beeping • Additive used with a high-intensity ultraviolet lamp – Pipes will glow at the point of the leak • Ultrasonic leak detectors – Detect the sound of escaping refrigerant

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Other tools used in detection and repair –

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Other tools used in detection and repair – Thermometers – Fin straighteners – Heat guns – Hermetic tubing piercing valves – Compressor oil charging pump – Soldering and welding equipment

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Other tools (cont’d. ) – Sling psychrometer –

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Other tools (cont’d. ) – Sling psychrometer – Motorized psychrometer – Nylon strap fastener – Air velocity measuring instruments – Air balancing meter – Carbon dioxide (CO 2) and oxygen (O 2) indicators

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Other tools (cont’d. ) – Combustion analyzer –

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Other tools (cont’d. ) – Combustion analyzer – Combustible gas leak detector – Draft gauge – Volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM) – AC clamp-on ammeter – Megohmmeter – Digital electronic manometer

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • AC clamp-on ammeter – Used to measure current

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • AC clamp-on ammeter – Used to measure current flow – Clamps around one conductor of the circuit – The meter can also be used to measure voltage and resistance

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM) – Often referred to as a

Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM) – Often referred to as a multimeter – Measures volts, ohms, and amps – Come with a number of features, options, and accessories

Miscellaneous Tools and Equipment for Specialized Needs • Other tools: – Schrader core remover

Miscellaneous Tools and Equipment for Specialized Needs • Other tools: – Schrader core remover and replacer – Quick couples, low loss fittings and adapter hoses – Capillary tube cutter – Refrigerant recovery pliers – Service wrench and adapters – Hand held refractometer

Miscellaneous Tools and Equipment (cont’d. ) – Fan blade puller – Refrigerant tank heater

Miscellaneous Tools and Equipment (cont’d. ) – Fan blade puller – Refrigerant tank heater – Ice bucket – Refrigerant tank transporter strap – Liquid chargers – Flare cut-off tool – Thermal imaging gun

Summary • Air conditioning, heating, and refrigeration technicians should be familiar with available hand

Summary • Air conditioning, heating, and refrigeration technicians should be familiar with available hand tools and equipment • Always use tools and equipment properly and for the jobs for which they were intended • Improper tool usage can result in personal injury