Section 2 Safety Tools and Equipment and Shop
- Slides: 25
Section 2: Safety, Tools and Equipment, and Shop Practices Unit 5: Tools and Equipment
Objectives • After studying this chapter, you should be able to: – Describe hand tools used by the airconditioning, heating, and refrigeration technician – Describe equipment used to install and service air conditioning, heating, and refrigeration systems
General Hand Tools • In general, it is a good idea to buy the best tools that you can afford • Good hand tools will usually carry the guarantee of replacement if they are broken during regular use
General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Screwdrivers include: – Phillips tip – Straight or slot blade – Offset • Several standard screwdriver bit types – Examples: keystone, hex head, clutch head, square recess
General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Wrenches – Socket with ratchet handle – Open end, box end, or combination – Adjustable open end – Ratchet box – Pipe – T-Handle hex keys
General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Pliers – General purpose – Needle nose – Side cutting – Slip joint – Locking
General Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Hammers – Ball peen – Soft head – Carpenter’s claw • Portable electric drill – Cord type – Cordless
Specialized Hand Tools • Assorted nut drivers • Flare nut wrenches • Air conditioning and refrigeration reversible ratchets – Hex – Box wrench
Specialized Hand Tools (cont’d. ) • Inspection mirrors – Stainless steel – Glass telescoping • Wire stripping and crimping tools • Stapling tackler
Tubing Tools • Tubing cutters – Modern tubing cutter – Large diameter tubing cutters • Inner–outer reamers • Deburring tools
Tubing Tools (cont’d. ) • Flaring tools: have a flaring bar, yoke, and a feed screw with a flaring cone • Swaging tools – Punch type – Lever type – Die type
Tubing Tools (cont’d. ) • • Tubing brushes Tubing shears Pinch off tools Metalworker’s hammer
Specialized Service and Installation Equipment • The gauge manifold – One of the HVAC/R technician’s most important pieces of equipment – Can read pressures on both the high- and low-pressure sides of the system – Can read pressures below atmospheric on the low-pressure side of the system – Can be of the two-valve or four-valve variety
Specialized Service and Installation Equipment (cont’d. ) • Electronic thermistor vacuum gauge – Measures the vacuum in a refrigeration system during the evacuation process – Can measure a vacuum down to 50 microns or 0. 050 mm Hg • 1, 000 microns = 1 mm Hg – As a vacuum is pulled on a system the micron level will drop
Specialized Service and Installation Equipment (cont’d. ) • Vacuum pump – Designed to remove air and noncondensable gases from an airconditioning or refrigeration system
Refrigerant Leak Detectors • Halide leak detector – Used with acetylene or propane gas – The flame heats a copper disc – Combustion air is drawn through a tube – The open end of the tube is passed over fitting or piping – When a leak is detected, the flame will change color (from blue to green)
Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Electronic leak detectors – Contain refrigerant-sensitive elements – Reacts to leaks with rapid beeping • Additive used with a high-intensity ultraviolet lamp – Pipes will glow at the point of the leak • Ultrasonic leak detectors – Detect the sound of escaping refrigerant
Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Other tools used in detection and repair – Thermometers – Fin straighteners – Heat guns – Hermetic tubing piercing valves – Compressor oil charging pump – Soldering and welding equipment
Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Other tools (cont’d. ) – Sling psychrometer – Motorized psychrometer – Nylon strap fastener – Air velocity measuring instruments – Air balancing meter – Carbon dioxide (CO 2) and oxygen (O 2) indicators
Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Other tools (cont’d. ) – Combustion analyzer – Combustible gas leak detector – Draft gauge – Volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM) – AC clamp-on ammeter – Megohmmeter – Digital electronic manometer
Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • AC clamp-on ammeter – Used to measure current flow – Clamps around one conductor of the circuit – The meter can also be used to measure voltage and resistance
Refrigerant Leak Detectors (cont’d. ) • Volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM) – Often referred to as a multimeter – Measures volts, ohms, and amps – Come with a number of features, options, and accessories
Miscellaneous Tools and Equipment for Specialized Needs • Other tools: – Schrader core remover and replacer – Quick couples, low loss fittings and adapter hoses – Capillary tube cutter – Refrigerant recovery pliers – Service wrench and adapters – Hand held refractometer
Miscellaneous Tools and Equipment (cont’d. ) – Fan blade puller – Refrigerant tank heater – Ice bucket – Refrigerant tank transporter strap – Liquid chargers – Flare cut-off tool – Thermal imaging gun
Summary • Air conditioning, heating, and refrigeration technicians should be familiar with available hand tools and equipment • Always use tools and equipment properly and for the jobs for which they were intended • Improper tool usage can result in personal injury
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