General Shop Safety Objectives Basic Principles Shop Rules

General Shop Safety

Objectives • • Basic Principles Shop Rules Safety Practices Color Codes

Safety Test Completion Policy A student must score a 100% on the General Safety Test to be eligible to participate in student shop activities.

Shop Discipline Policy 1 st offense a warning is issued 2 nd offense the student’s shop privileges are taken away and the student has the opportunity to learn via textbook.

Shop is a privilege, not a right.

Consequences Good consequences vs. Bad Consequences

Shop Rules • • • Pay attention and follow all directions given by the teacher. Safety glasses are to be worn at all times in the shop. When the class is sent to the shop, all students must orderly/quietly go directly to the shop and remain in the shop. No leaving the shop without permission.

Shop Rules • Students will come to class everyday with appropriate clothing. Shorts, dresses, sandals, low cut shirts, etc. are not to be worn. • Students will notify the teacher immediately if any tool or equipment is damaged or broken. • Students will clean the shop daily after all activities.

Safety Practices

Accident Stories • We all have them • Keep them “PG-13” • You may laugh but learn from them

• Who knows someone who has been hurt in an accident on the farm, job, or at home? • How did it change your life?

Safety • 86 to 88% caused by human carelessness • 10% caused by faulty equipment • 2 to 4% caused by unavoidable happenings • Most accidents don’t just happen, they are caused by human error

• Wear clothing which is conducive to work in the shop, i. e. , coveralls, shop coats, etc. Shop clothing should not be loose, baggy or highly flammable.

Always wear Safety Glasses Approved safety glasses must be worn at all times over your eyes. • – • When welding it is recommended. Approved safety glasses should be industrial quality - Z 87. 1

• Wear hearing protection devices when using or when others are using loud equipment in the shop.

What protective clothing and devices should be worn in the shop? • Eye Protection • Hearing Protection • Mask and Respirator • Protective Clothing • Welding Shop Protective clothing

Safety in Welding • • • General Work Clothing 100% wool is the best choice 100% cotton is the second best choice Clothing must stop ultraviolet light Dark color, thick, tightly woven

Safety in Welding • Shirts – Long sleeved, and long enough to tuck in – Button collar – No pockets or pockets with a button flap

Safety in Welding • Pants – Long enough to cover the tops of the footwear – No cuffs or frayed ends • Foot Wear – Boots with high tops

Special Protective Clothing • Hand Protection – All leather, gauntlet type gloves

Special Protective Clothing • Face and Eye Protection – Safety glasses are adequate for general use – If heavy grinding, chipping, or overhead work is being done, goggles or a full face shield must be worn – If welding or cutting wear appropriate eye protection

• Work only in well-ventilated areas. • Use great care when working on metals covered with lead or zinc. • If working in a confined area use respirator or other approved breathing devices.

Ventilation

• Keep shop clean in areas where welding is to be done. • Do not weld near combustible materials of any kind. • Never weld on covered containers which may have held combustible materials without first taking adequate safety precautions. For example, fill them with water, steam clean or fill with an inert gas.

• Be familiar with location and types of fire extinguishers. • Report any unsafe conditions that might start a fire. • Do not weld near flammable materials. • Do not weld on containers that have held flammable materials. • Do not weld near electrical fittings or lines.

Fire Triangle

The different classes of fires and different types of fire extinguishers? • Class A - Ordinary Combustibles. –Ordinary combustibles include wood, papers, and trash. –Class A combustibles do not include any item in the presence of electricity or any type of liquid.

The different classes of fires and different types of fire extinguishers? • Class B - Flammable Liquids. –Flammable liquids include fuels, greases, paints, and other liquids as long as they are not in the presence of electricity.

The different classes of fires and different types of fire extinguishers? • Class C - Electrical Equipment. –Class C fires involve the presence of electricity.

The different classes of fires and different types of fire extinguishers? • Class D - Combustible Metals. – Combustible metals are metals that burn. – Burning metals are very difficult to extinguish. Only Class D extinguishers will work on burning metals.

Common types of extinguishers 1. Water with pump or gas pressure used for Class A fires. 2. Carbon dioxide gas used for Class B and C fires. 3. Dry chemical used for Class A, B, and C fires.

How do you properly use a fire extinguisher? • Hold the extinguisher upright and pull blocking pin. • Move within 6 to 10 feet of the fire. • Aim the nozzle of the extinguisher toward the base of the fire. • Squeeze lever and discharge contents using a side to side sweeping motion. • Have extinguishers serviced after each use.

Electrical Safety

• Do not visit and disturb others during the laboratory period. Stay busy on your assigned work; if completed check with the instructor further directions.

• Do not hurry or rush, avoid cutting corners and unsafe work practices. • Do not allow yourself to get caught up in rush situations.

• When working in a shop talk in a low tone of voice. Loud boisterous talk and noise makes others jittery and uncomfortable, which may lead to accidents.

• Notify the instructor immediately in case of injury, accident or fire. • Never leave the shop without the instructor’s knowledge and permission.

• • Notify the instructor in case defective tools and equipment. Out of order signs should be placed on the tools and equipment until the necessary repairs are made. Shop safety protects you and the equipment.

No horseplay or other hazardous scuffling and pushing while in the shop.

• Clean your work station and return all tools to their proper storage before leaving • Clean Shop is a Safe Shop

• Be alert and think each action through before it is performed. If in doubt about how to perform a procedure, check with the teacher before proceeding. • Use the proper tool for the proper job.

• Never use power equipment or tools which have not been demonstrated to you.

• Remove loose jewelry and secure long hair while working in the shop.

• Remind visitors to wear safety glasses while visiting in your mechanics laboratory. • Be aware of people around you. – Alert them if they are in a dangerous situation.

Never attempt to work with tools or equipment in the shop if under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

Use the right tool for the right job.

Color Codes • • Become familiar with the laboratory color coding system and observe the warnings issued while working. Observe all warning signs

Colors in the coding system are used to: • • • Alert people to danger or hazards. Help people locate certain objects. Make the shop a pleasant place to work. Promote cleanliness and order. Help people react quickly to emergencies.

Color Codes • Red is used to identify areas or items of danger or emergency such as safety switches and fire equipment.

Color Codes • Orange is used to designate machine hazards such as edges and openings. • Orange means warning. • Orange is also used as background for electrical switches, levers, and controls.

Color Codes • Yellow, like the amber traffic light, means caution. • It is used to identify parts of machines, such as wheels, levers, and knobs that control or adjust the machine.

Color Codes • Yellow and black stripes are used in combination to mark stairs, protruding objects, and other stationary hazards • Blue is used for signs if a warning or caution is intended.

Color Codes • These are informational signs such as “OUT OF ORDER” or “DO NOT OPERATE”. • Such signs are made of white letters on a blue or black background

Color Codes • Gray is used on floors of work areas in the shop. • It is a restful color and provides good contrast for other safety colors. • It is used to paint body areas of machines and may be used on the tabletops if painting is desired.

WHAT IF? You don’t follow the safety rules? The following set of slides are included to show you the results of not following safety procedures. Each slide is a true representation of hazards we face while in the shop!

Short Sleeves or Long You choose.

Seeing is believing…. .

What happened here?

“These safety glasses make me look stupid. ” And being blinded by a grinder disk doesn’t?

Safety glasses $ 9. 00 Eyesight --- priceless

“But I only had a little more to grind”

“It’s only a drill, what’s the big deal? ”

One of our experienced maintenance workers was using a large screw driver as a chisel and pry bar. The screw driver shaft snapped as he was using all his force and body weight to attempt to get the tip of the screw driver between a pump mount and it's concrete pad. You can see the results. 37 stitches, 4 lost work days, 25 restricted work days. 50% of accident in the shop are a result of hand tool misuse. Never use a tool for a job it’s not intended. Injuries cost everyone.