Reporting units participants and their roles IDSP training

Reporting units, participants and their roles IDSP training module for state and district surveillance officers Module 3

Learning objectives • List the reporting units involved in surveillance in Integrated Disease Surveillance Project in your district: In public and private sectors; rural and urban areas • List the key functionaries in reporting units responsible for surveillance related activities and describe their roles • Fill the specific reporting formats without error from various reporting units • Draw a flow diagram of the process and dynamics of timely flow of information

Surveillance: A systematic, ongoing process • • • Data collection Transmission Analysis Feedback Action

Reporting unit • Nature § Health facility / individual in private/ public sector § Located in rural or urban area • Function § Collects information of health conditions identified in specified formats § Transmits these in pre-specified timely manner to the next higher level

Reporting units for disease surveillance Public sector (Exhaustive) Private (Sentinel) Rural • Community health centres • District hospitals • Practitioners • Hospitals Urban • Urban hospitals • ESI • Railways • Medical colleges • Nursing homes • Hospitals • Medical colleges • Laboratories

Other sentinel reporting sites 1. Antenatal clinic § HIV, HBV, HCV 2. Water board 3. Pollution control board 4. District police § Road traffic injuries

Active and passive reporting • Active reporting § Health workers • House visits • Passive reporting § All other reporting units

Three levels of case definitions for three levels of actors Level Actor of the surveillance system • Syndromic (Form “S”) • Health workers • Presumptive (Form “P”, probable) • Medical officers * • Confirmed • Laboratories * Except for malaria and tuberculosis

Reportable diseases for multi-purpose health workers and health assistants • • • Diarrhea Jaundice Fever Cough Acute flaccid paralysis Unusual events (Death, hospitalization)

Reportable diseases for medical officers • Diarrhea • Jaundice • Fever § § § Malaria Typhoid Japanese encephalitis Dengue Measles • Cough § Tuberculosis • Acute flaccid paralysis • Unusual events (Death, hospitalization)

Zero reporting • Do not mix up: § Zero § Missing information • Zero reporting is important to confirm that the condition was looked for and not found

Unusual clustering of cases OR health event causing death in a short span of time • Report immediately § § § Telephone Fax Email Special messenger Police wireless • Follow with written report

Quality check before reporting 1. Filling of forms by health care workers 2. Review by senior staff 3. Transmission to the higher level § Copy kept in the facility

Person responsible for data compilation and transmission Levels Person responsible • Primary health centres • Pharmacists • Community health centres • Computer / pharmacists • Sentinel private providers • Medical officers • District hospitals • Computer / pharmacists • Medical colleges • Statistical officer • Laboratories • Medical officer / technician

Time sequence Day of the week Event Monday • Primary health centre reports to community health centre Tuesday • Community health centre reports to district

Statistical assistant at the district level • • Receives data from reporting units Enters data into computer Checks data validity Generates reports Submits report to surveillance officer Prepares a report summarizing the analysis Submits report to state surveillance officer

Case Feedback Reporting unit Immediately Lab slip Outpatient register Inpatient slip Weekly Lab register +ve slides + sample -ves Form L Common reporting form P Weekly Inpatient register Weekly District public health laboratory Computer (District) District surveillance officer

Points to remember (1/3) • A reporting unit is a health facility / individual collecting the information and transmitting it to the next higher level • Reporting health facilities will be from both rural and urban settings in public and private sectors • All public health facilities in rural and urban areas will report • Only sentinel sites will report in the private sector

Points to remember (2/3) • Other sites from where sentinel surveillance data will be used will consist of ANC Sites NACO, the water board, the pollution control board and the police (Road traffic accidents) • All reporting centres are required to provide zero reporting • All medical officers will report presumptive diagnosis in the absence of confirmation by the laboratory

Points to remember (3/3) • There will be no linking of clinical and laboratory diagnoses • Any unusual clustering of cases or any health event causing death must be reported immediately § Verbal reports must be followed by a written report • All reporting units are required to send the regular surveillance data in pre-specified formats every week to the district surveillance unit