Regions of the Kidney Renal outer region Renal

Regions of the Kidney · Renal _____ outer region · Renal _____– inside the cortex · Renal _____ – inner collecting tube Figure 15. 2 b Slide 15. 5

Kidney Structures · _______– triangular regions of tissue in the medulla · ______– extensions of cortex-like material inward · _____ – cup-shaped structures that funnel urine towards the renal pelvis Slide 15. 6

Nephrons · The ________of the kidneys · Responsible forming ______ · Main structures of the nephrons Slide 15. 8

Glomerulus · A specialized ______bed · Attached to arterioles on both sides (maintains ________) · Large afferent arteriole · Narrow efferent arteriole Figure 15. 3 c Slide 15. 9 a

Glomerulus · Capillaries are covered with podocytes from the renal tubule · The glomerulus sits within a ________(the first part of the renal tubule) Figure 15. 3 c Slide 15. 9 b

Renal Tubule · _____ (Bowman’s) capsule · _____con voluted tubule · ______ · ____conv oluted tubule Figure 15. 3 b Slide 15. 10

Types of Nephrons · _____ nephrons · Located entirely in the cortex · Includes _____nephrons Figure 15. 3 a Slide 15. 11 a

Types of Nephrons · J_______nephrons · Found at the ______ of the cortex and medulla Figure 15. 3 a Slide 15. 11 b

Characteristics of Urine Used for Medical Diagnosis · Colored somewhat yellow due to the pigment urochrome (from the destruction of hemoglobin) and solutes · Sterile · Slightly aromatic · Normal p. H of around 6 · Specific gravity of 1. 001 to 1. 035 Slide 15. 19

Facts about Kidney filtration & reabsorption • The two kidneys are only 0. 4% of the body weight but receive about 25% of the blood. • Their most important function in the body is to regulate the composition and volume of body fluids. Blood flows in and out of kidney leaving behind the 1% which becomes urine. The urine produced flows through ureters to the bladder and through urethra to outside world • The typical kidneys filter approximately 180 liters of plasma/day and each • of the 3 • • liters of plasma gets filtered about 60 times. To replace this much water you would have to drink a 12 ounce soft drink every 3 minutes of the day fortunately 99% of the filtrate gets reabsorbed, leaving 1. 5 -2 liters of urine per day. This is an incredible amount of filtration that is performed every day. We have a total of 2 million nephrons in the 2 kidneys when we are young

• To give you an idea of the quantity of reabsorption across the nephron, let's look at the sodium ion (Na) as an example: • Proximal tubule - reabsorbs 65 percent of filtered Na. In addition, the proximal tubule passively reabsorbs about 2/3 of water and most other substances. • Loop of Henle - reabsorbs 25 percent of filtered Na. • Distal tubule - reabsorbs 8 percent of filtered Na. • Collecting duct - reabsorbs the remaining 2 percent only if the hormone aldosterone is present.

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