Reference Service n n Dr S R Ranganathan

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Reference Service n n Dr. S. R. Ranganathan defines reference service as “the process

Reference Service n n Dr. S. R. Ranganathan defines reference service as “the process of establishing contact between a reader and his document in a personal way” From 1896, in USA reference service occupied a regular place in the programmes of the various conferences of American Library Association. In India

Theories of Reference Service n n n Conservative or Minimum Theory : The main

Theories of Reference Service n n n Conservative or Minimum Theory : The main function of a librarian is not to find answers to question or to interpret the material to the reader but to organise the material effectively and to teach the enquirers to help themselves. Moderate or Middling Theory : It is a mixed kind of reference service. It provides aid to the readers in locating and using books, finding facts and giving information whenever possible. Liberal or Maximum Theory : . This theory states that the proper subject knowledge and sound bibliographical training help the librarians to become specialist in finding out information

Functions of Reference of Service n n n The supervision function The Information function

Functions of Reference of Service n n n The supervision function The Information function The Guidance function The Instruction function The Bibliographic function The Appraisal function

Types of Reference Service n n Ready Reference Service (very short time) Long Range

Types of Reference Service n n Ready Reference Service (very short time) Long Range Reference Service

BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICES n n Bibliography Louis shores “It is a List of written, Printed

BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICES n n Bibliography Louis shores “It is a List of written, Printed or otherwise produced Record of Civilization, which may include books, serials, pictures Manuscripts and any media of communication” Compilation of Bibliography: n Planning n Preparation Types n Enumerative (Examination of individual books in order to assemble the resemble. Like incunabula, n Analytical (critical) Historical (Documents as objects of art)

INDEXING SERVICE q Index is a detailed alphabetical list of the names, terms, topics,

INDEXING SERVICE q Index is a detailed alphabetical list of the names, terms, topics, places, formula “ n n Importance: q q Guides the user to document To create specialization of the author To retrieve the reference for research To save time

Types n n n Name index Author index Subject index Document index, Book periodical,

Types n n n Name index Author index Subject index Document index, Book periodical, News index Bibliographical index Classified index Alphabetical index Specific and Relative index Current and Retrospective index Citation index

ABSTRACTING SERVICE n n n n Meaning Essence of summary of a document is

ABSTRACTING SERVICE n n n n Meaning Essence of summary of a document is loosely called abstract Type of abstract 1. Indicative Abstract 2. Informative Abstract 3. Indicative and Informative Abstract 4. Aritcle, patent Standard and Bibligraphical Abstract etc. .

Preparing an Abstract q n n n n 1. Indification of significant information 2.

Preparing an Abstract q n n n n 1. Indification of significant information 2. Organisation of the identified information 3. Writing of Abstract Qualities 1. Brief 2. Simple 3. Precise

TRANSLATION SERVICES n n n Meaning To express the information in another Language systematically

TRANSLATION SERVICES n n n Meaning To express the information in another Language systematically retaining the original -Webster Objectives n To provide document in user Language n To Promote the Use of document and cultural understanding Types of Translation n Literal (Without changing the Literary Meaning) n Free Translation (Translators apply his own words) n Transposition (Translators apply his emotional)

REPROGRAPHIC SERVICES(1954 ) Bose defines “it is a group of mechanical devices whereby one

REPROGRAPHIC SERVICES(1954 ) Bose defines “it is a group of mechanical devices whereby one or multiple copies of a document can be prepared through copying and duplicating processes n Reprographic Techniques a) Photographic b) Non – Photographic : n 01. Exam race q http: //examrace. com/default. aspx n 02. IGNOUmaterial q http: //www. freewebs. com/lissetnet n

Information service n n n Meaning: Giving information to user in anticipation or in

Information service n n n Meaning: Giving information to user in anticipation or in demand is known as Information service. Aspects of Information service: Provision of Information on demand Provision of Information in Anticipation

Types of Information Service 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Current Awareness Type

Types of Information Service 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Current Awareness Type Condensation type (Abstracts, Extract, Technical Digest) Location Type (Indexes, Bibliographies, Hand book, Data Service) Evaluation Type (state of the Art of Report, Trend report) Condensation and repacking type ( Reviews, Handbook) Reference type ( Reader’s Guidance, Ready reference, Referral Service) Maintenance Service ( Training of Document, Consultation ).

ALERTING SERVICE Meaning: Alerting service is a service to be in a state of

ALERTING SERVICE Meaning: Alerting service is a service to be in a state of alertness of information resources and information products. Types: n n Group Alert Service Individual Alert Service

Current Awareness Service n Dr S. R. Ranganathan defines, CAS as “listing the documents

Current Awareness Service n Dr S. R. Ranganathan defines, CAS as “listing the documents appearing during the period covered, and without being selected to suit the requirements of a particular reader or a specific topic under investigation. This is of the nature of a general appetizer. It endeavors to keep the clientele informed promptly of all the nascent thought created in their fields of work and related fields. ”

 Characteristics of CAS n n n Latest information Continuous process of keeping the

Characteristics of CAS n n n Latest information Continuous process of keeping the user abreast of the latest information. Broader than the subject area of the user. Speed or timeliness Receives from his own informal channels. Temporary use.

Forms and Formats of CAS n n n n n Journal-Circulation A. Circular Routing

Forms and Formats of CAS n n n n n Journal-Circulation A. Circular Routing B. Radial Routing List of Periodicals Received Current content Service Current Awareness List (CAL): Library bulletin Announcement of Research – in- progress Notification of Forthcoming meeting Daily intelligence service Newspaper Clipping Service

SELECTIVE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION (SDI) n n Hans Peter Luhn (1958) Strauss defined: “

SELECTIVE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION (SDI) n n Hans Peter Luhn (1958) Strauss defined: “ SDI as a refinement of the current awareness idea… that is designed to serve the individual scientist directly”

Steps involved in SDI system n n n n n User profiles Documents profile

Steps involved in SDI system n n n n n User profiles Documents profile Matching the specific subject interest; Notified Connecting the right recipients with the right items of the information Responses of the recipients Adjusting the profile Notifying Keeping the file of profiles

REFERRAL SERVICE n n n The referral service provides only source to information and

REFERRAL SERVICE n n n The referral service provides only source to information and no more. Referral Centre It directs users for information and data to appropriate sources such as Libraries, Documentation centers, Information centers