Proxies for estimation of relative fishing mortality when
- Slides: 20
Proxies for estimation of relative fishing mortality when biomass is unknown Rainer Froese, GEOMAR Arlene Sampang, FIN ICES ASC, Bergen, 18 September 2012 ICES CM 2012/G: 2815
Principles of Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management • Overall goal: Extract pretty good catches with least impact on the stocks and on the ecosystem • Consider species-interactions: – Do not cause mortality than all other predators combined (F <= M) – Leave enough biomass of forage fish (F <= 2/3 M) (Pikitch et al. 2012 ) • Do not use destructive gears 2
Binding MSFD to the Rescue (Descriptor 3): “Populations of all commercially exploited fish and shellfish are within safe biological limits, exhibiting a population age and size distribution that is indicative of a healthy stock. ” • 3. 1: F <= Fmsy or U <= Umsy • 3. 2: SSB >= SSBmsy • 3. 3. 1: Proportion of fish larger than the mean size of first sexual maturation • 3. 3. 3: 95 % percentile of the fish length distribution
MSFD Problem: Reference points and data are lacking • 3. 1: F <= Fmsy or U <= Umsy – If no Fmsy is available, use natural mortality M instead: F <= M – If no F is available, get F/M proxy from mean length in catch • 3. 2: SSB >= SSBmsy – If no biomass is known, use mean length in the catch: Lmean >= LF=M • 3. 3. 1: Proportion of fish larger than the mean size of first sexual maturation – Use mean length in catch relative to maturity: Lmean >= 1. 2 Lm • 3. 3. 3: 95 % percentile of the fish length distribution – Use mean length in catch relative to the length where the biomass of cohorts is maximum: Lmean >= 0. 9 Lopt
Equations Mean length in catch Proxy for F/M Expexted mean length if F = M Optimum length of capture
M observed vs M = 1. 5 K M from 1. 5 K (Jensen 1996) Data from Fish. Base
If K/M = 2/3 Proxy for F/M Expexted mean length if F = M Optimum length of capture Lopt = 2/3 L∞
M as proxy for Fmsy Relation between Fmsy and M for eight ICES stocks. On average for 34 stocks Fmsy = 1. 5 M.
Simple vs Demanding L(F=M) Mean length where F=M for nine ICES stocks, estimated with (X-axis) and without K and M.
Simple vs Demanding Lopt Length where cohort biomass is maximum, for nine ICES stocks, estimated with (X-axis) and without K and M.
3. 1 Fishing pressure F / Fmsy Mean F 2005 ff relative to Fmsy for eight ICES stock
3. 1 Fishing pressure F / M
3. 2 Biomass vs 2*SSBpa
3. 2 Stock size from mean length
3. 3 Healthy Age Structure Numbers and length at age, with reference points, similar to Eastern Baltic cod
3. 3 Healthy Age Structure Numbers and length at age, with reference points, with optimum fishing: F=M, Lmean = Lopt. Note higher catches.
3. 3. 1 Maturity
3. 3. 3 Optimum Length, Old Fish
Summary of MSFD Status
Thank You Rainer Froese, GEOMAR rfroese@geomar. de
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