PRONOUNS PRONOUNANTECEDENTS AND CASE PRONOUNS A PRONOUN IS

PRONOUNS PRONOUNANTECEDENTS AND CASE

PRONOUNS • A PRONOUN IS A WORD THAT TAKES THE PLACE OF A NOUN. • IT, YOU, I, ME, MY, THEM, HE, SHE… • AN ANTECEDENT IS THE WORD FOR WHICH THE PRONOUN STANDS.

FIND THE PRONOUN • • HE IS HAPPY. IT IS GRAMMAR DAY. WE LOVE GRAMMAR. SHE IS ESPECIALLY FOND OF PRONOUN-ANTECEDENT ASSIGNMENTS. • THEY CAN’T WAIT UNTIL THE NEXT GRAMMAR DAY.

REPLACE THE ANTECEDENT • THE ADLAI STEVENSON SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL VARSITY FOOTBALL TEAM PLAYED THE ADLAI STEVENSON SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL VARSITY FOOTBALL TEAM’S HOMECOMING GAME ON FRIDAY.

• THE ADLAI STEVENSON SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL MARCHING BAND COLOR GUARD UNIT TOOK THE FIELD AT THE ADLAI STEVENSON SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL MARCHING BAND COLOR GUARD UNIT’S HALF-TIME SHOW.

PRONOUNS AND ANTECEDENTS MUST MATCH • FIND THE PRONOUN. • FIND THE WORD FOR WHICH THE PRONOUN STANDS. • SUBSTITUTE THE NOUN TO CHECK THAT YOU ARE CORRECT.

AND VIOLA YOU HAVE FOUND THE PRONOUNS/ANTECEDENTS

PRONOUN/ANTECEDENT ISSUES • DON’T PUT TOO MANY PRONOUNS IN A SENTENCE • PLACE THE PRONOUN CLOSE TO THE ANTECEDENT, ESPECIALLY IF THERE ARE OTHER NOUNS IN THE SENTENCE

EXAMPLES • MALCOLM AND HIS FAMILY FLEW TO SCOTLAND TO SEE WHERE THEIR ANCESTORS HAD COME FROM. • THEY TOOK A FERRY TO LEWIS ISLAND, WHERE MALCOLM’S MOTHER’S GRANDMOTHER HAD ONCE LIVED WITH HER FAMILY.

PRONOUN CASE • SUBJECTIVE – THE DOER OF THE ACTION: “I THROW THE BALL. ” • OBJECTIVE – THE RECEIVER OF THE ACTION: “THROW THE BALL TO ME. ” • POSSESSIVE – SHOWS OWNERSHIP: “MY THROW TO THIRD BASE WON THE GAME!”

SUBJECTIVE CASE • • I YOU SHE HE IT WE THEY WHO

OBJECTIVE CASE • • ME YOU HER HIM IT US THEM WHOM

POSSESSIVE CASE • • MY YOUR HER HIS ITS OUR THEIR WHOSE

HOW DO YOU KNOW WHAT TO USE? • ADD WORDS (FOR, VERBS, ETC) • DELETE WORDS (STRIP THE SENTENCE DOWN TO SIMPLE SUBJECT) • TURN THE SENTENCE AROUND

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS • A REFLEXIVE PRONOUN “REFLECTS” OR REPRESENTS THE SUBJECT OF THE SENTENCE OR CLAUSE IN WHICH IT APPEARS. “SOO-NI TREATS HERSELF TO A STROLL THROUGH CHINESE FOOD MARKETS. ”

REFLEXIVE/INTENSIVE PRONOUNS • REFLEXIVE AND INTENSIVE PRONOUNS ARE FORMED BY ADDING –SELF OR –SELVES TO FORMS OF THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS. • RELEXIVE PRONOUNS SHOULD NEVER BE USED ALONE. THEY MUST ALWAYS HAVE ANTECEDENTS. • SHE BUYS SOUVENIRS FOR HERSELF AND ME (NOT MYSELF).

DEMONSTRATIVE • DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS POINT OUT SPECIFIC PERSONS, PLACES, THINGS, OR IDEAS. THEY ALLOW YOU TO INDICATE WHETHER THE THINGS YOU ARE REFERRING TO ARE RELATIVELY NEARBY (IN TIME OR SPACE) OR FARTHER AWAY. • THIS • THESE • THAT • THOSE

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS • REFER TO PERSONS, PLACES, THINGS, OR IDEAS THAT ARE NOT SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIED. UNLIKE OTHER PRONOUNS, THEY DON’T USUALLY HAVE ANTECEDENTS. • ANOTHER, ANYBODY, ANYONE… • WATCH FOR PLURAL, SINGULAR, OR EITHER FUNCTION

INTERROGATIVE AND RELATIVE PRONOUNS • INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS INTRODUCE A QUESTION • RELATIVE PRONOUN INTRODUCES A NOUN CLAUSE OR AN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE. IT CONNECTS AN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE TO THE WORD OR WORDS IT MODIFIES

INTERROGATIVE • • • WHOM WHOSE WHICH WHAT WHO WOULD BELIEVE THE CROWDS AND EXCITEMENT?

RELATIVE • • • WHOM WHOSE WHICH THAT THE MERCHANTS, WHO ARE EAGER FOR SALES, SHOUT TO CUSTOMERS.

INTENSIVE PRONOUNS • AN INTENSIVE PRONOUN IS USED TO EMPHASIZE A NOUN OR PRONOUN THAT APPEARS IN THE SAME SENTENCE. “THE MERCHANTS THEMSELVES ENJOY SAMPLING THE GOODS. ”

PRACTICE INDICATE TYPE OF PRONOUN • TRAVELERS TO TIBET ARE FORTUNATE IF THEY SEE WILD YAKS, BECAUSE FEW OF THE LARGE BEASTS REMAIN TODAY.

PRACTICE INDICATE TYPE OF PRONOUN • TRAVELERS TO TIBET ARE FORTUNATE IF THEY SEE WILD YAKS, BECAUSE FEW OF THE LARGE BEASTS REMAIN TODAY. • THEY – PERSONAL • FEW - INDEFINITE

EXCELLENT! SEE HOW SMART YOU ARE AND WHY YOU LOVE GRAMMAR!