PRONOUNS Our handy dandy friends They give us

PRONOUNS Our handy, dandy, friends… They give us short cuts!

PRONOUNS n TAKES THE PLACE OF A NOUN OR A PRONOUN The boy looks at the books.

REPLACE THE NOUNS! n The n He boy looks at the books. looks at them.

REPLACE THE NOUNS! n n The students listened to Mrs. Puff. They listened to her.

What about…? n Mrs. n Cochren wants ice cream. She wants what?

Pronouns replace nouns! n The flavors look tasty! n _______look tasty. All Most Some Which Those

Antecedent Examples n Who float? wants a refreshing root beer To which noun is “who” referring or replacing?

You should know… n A pronoun takes the place of a noun! n Each pronoun has an antecedent (stated or unstated). n Antecedent = the word the pronoun refers to or replaces

Antecedent example n. The dog chased the cats. n It chased them.

Antecedent Examples n Scooby Doo, where are you?

PERSONAL PRONOUNS SINGULAR FIRST PERSON SECOND PERSON THIRD PERSON I, ME, MY, MINE YOU, YOURS HE, HIM, HIS SHE, HERS IT, ITS

PERSONAL PRONOUNS PLURAL FIRST PERSON WE, US, OURS SECOND PERSON YOU, YOURS THIRD PERSON THEY, THEM, THEIRS

NOTES n. PRONOUN = TAKES THE PLACE OF A NOUN n. ANTECEDENT = THE NOUN TO WHICH THE PRONOUN IS REFERRING OR REPLACING

TYPES OF PRONOUNS n PERSONAL n REFLEXIVE n INTENSIVE n DEMONSTRATIVE n INTERROGATIVE n INDEFINITE n RELATIVE

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS n REFERS TO THE SUBJECT AND IS NECESSARY TO THE MEANING SPONGE BOB ENJOYS HIMSELF AT THE KRUSTY KRAB.

Reflexive Pronouns First person myself, ourselves Second person yourself, yourselves Third person himself, herself itself, themselves

Reflexive Example n The artist prided himself of his masterpiece.

Intensive Pronouns n Emphasizes another noun or pronoun and is unnecessary to the meaning. It intensifies the meaning! Mrs. Cochren herself popped the popcorn!

Intensive Examples Did you draw Bigfoot yourself?

Intensive Pronouns First person myself, ourselves Second person yourself, yourselves Third person himself, herself itself, themselves

REFLEXIVE VERSUS INTENSIVE n Reflexive = required n Intensive = intensifier The students raised the money themselves. They motivated themselves to work hard.

Reflexive or Intensive? She ate the pizza herself! n INTENSIVE n They wanted to do the project by themselves. n REFLEXIVE n You yourself must make SMART choices! n INTENSIVE n

DEMONSTRATIVE n THESE PRONOUNS POINT OUT A PERSON, PLACE, THING, OR IDEA. This is the best candy. Are these good?

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS n THIS n THAT n THESE n THOSE

DEMONSTRATIVE EXAMPLES n THESE ARE MINE. THE SHOES ARE MINE. n DID YOU SEE THAT? DID YOU SEE THE ACCIDENT? n. I WANT TO BUY THIS. I WANT TO BUY AN ARMADILLO.

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN OR ADJECTIVE? n THIS IS HIS PET. n THIS SPIDER IS HUGE. n THAT SPIDER IS SCARY. n THAT IS SO GROSS!

ADJECTIVE n THIS SPIDER IS HUGE. GIVES MORE DETAIL ABOUT THE NOUN—THE SPIDER. WHICH SPIDER?

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN n THIS IS HIS PET. THIS REPLACES THE NOUN “THE SPIDER”. n THE SPIDER IS HIS PET.

ADJECTIVE n THAT SPIDER IS SO GROSS!

RELATIVE PRONOUNS n THAT (can be demonstrative or relative) n WHICH n WHO (can be interrogative or relative) n WHOM (can be interrogative or relative) n WHOSE (can be interrogative or relative)

RELATIVE PRONOUNS n INTRODUCE AN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE (dependent CLAUSES) CHOCOLATE, WHICH I LOVE, IS YUMMY. HE IS THE NEIGHBOR WHO I THINK IS A VAMPIRE!

What’s a dependent clause? n It starts with a dependent clause word. (that, which, whom, whose) n. A n It subject and a verb are within the clause needs an independent clause for it to make sense.

INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS n WHICH n WHAT n WHOM n WHOSE

INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS n THESE PRONOUNS INTRODUCE A QUESTION. WHO IS YOUR FAVORITE AUTHOR? WHAT IS YOUR FAVORITE SHOW? WHICH DO YOU PREFER—DOGS OR CATS? WHOSE LEPRECHAUN IS THIS? TO WHOM ARE YOU SPEAKING?

INTERROGATIVE OR RELATIVE n INTERROGATIVE—INTRODUCES A QUESTION n RELATIVE—BEGINS A SUBORDINATE ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

INTERROGATIVE OR RELATIVE? 1) WHOSE DONKEY IS THAT?

INTERROGATIVE OR RELATIVE? WHICH CHEESE IS YOUR FAVORITE?

INTERROGATIVE OR RELATIVE? JODI PICOULT WRITES GREAT NOVELS THAT KEEP ME TURNING THE PAGES.

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS n REFERS REFER TO A NOUN THAT MAY OR MAY NOT BE SPECIFICALLY NAMED SOME WERE THERE. MANY WERE ABSENT.

SINGULAR INDEFINITE PRONOUNS ANYBODY ANYONE ANYTHING NOBODY NO ONE NOTHING EVERYBODY EVERYONE EVERYTHING SOMEBODY SOMEONE SOMETHING EACH EITHER NONE NEITHER

PLURAL INDEFINITE PRONOUNS BOTH FEW MANY SEVERAL USE PLURAL VERB FORMS— ARE, WERE, ETC.

SINGULAR OR PLURAL INDEFINITE PRONOUNS ALL ANY MORE MOST NONE SOME

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS n SOME WERE THERE. LEPRECHAUNS WERE THERE.

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS n MANY WERE ABSENT. ZOMBIES WERE ABSENT.

Singular or Plural? n Everybody had (their, his or her) paper! Would you say… Everybody is. . . Everybody are… He is… They are… Everybody is a singular pronoun!

Singular or Plural? n Some picked up their trash. Is SOME singular or plural? Would you say… Some is… Some are… He is… They are…

TYPES OF PRONOUNS n PERSONAL n REFLEXIVE n INTENSIVE n DEMONSTRATIVE n INTERROGATIVE n INDEFINITE n RELATIVE

Identify the pronoun type! n They n The students talked to them. n Don’t n The wanted to do the work themselves. do that! boy whose mother I know was here.

Identify the pronoun type. n Whose dog is this? n Nobody voted for me. n The man, whose house is by mine, is nice. n She painted the picture herself!

ADJECTIVES n Describe or modify a noun or pronoun! n Adjectives answer a question: Which? What kind? How many?

Examples of ADJECTIVES: n The spooky pumpkin n The crazy skeleton n The disgusting zombie n The scary ghost

Articles are ADJECTIVES!!! n A, AN, and THE = ARTICLES Which ghost? A ghost How many skeletons? A skeleton Which zombie? The zombie

Demonstrative Pronoun or Adjective? n This, That, These, Those I want this! I want this candy! Look at those witches!

Proper Noun or Proper Adjective n Roman Empire n Persian cat n Italy n Italian leather