Petronius Satyricon Trimalchio Encolpius and Ascyltos are invited

Petronius’ Satyricon Trimalchio

Encolpius and Ascyltos are invited to dinner… [26] Venerat iam tertius dies, id est expectatio liberae cenae, sed tot vulneribus confossis fuga magis placebat quam quies. Itaque cum maesti deliberaremus quonam genere praesentem evitaremus procellam, unus servus Agamemnonis interpellavit trepidantes et: "Quid? vos, inquit, nescitis hodie apud quem fiat? • Agamemnon is a rhetor here, but bears the same name as the king of Troy; he has been invited to a dinner party with Trimalchio and is bringing Ascyltos and Encolpius. Such uninvited dinner guests were called “umbrae” • interpello, -are, -avi, 0 atus = interrupt • trepido, -are, -avi, -atus = tremble/ be nervous • confodio, confodere, confodi, confossus = dig up • With the previous episode having been lost, it is not known what wounds are being referred to here. • maestus, -a, -um = sad • quonam genere = in what way • evito, -are, -avi, atus = avoid • procella, -ae = violent storm

• Look at this sentence, focusing on the two verbs: Itaque cum maesti deliberaremus quonam genere praesentem evitaremus procellam • The two verbs are imperfect subjunctive. • There are two subjunctive tenses you should be able to identify immediately: the imperfect and the pluperfect.

Imperfect Subjunctive • Formed by INFINITIVE + M, S, T, MUS, TIS, NT • means “was/ were/ might” • e. g. vito, vitare, vitavi, vitatus Singular Plural 1 st Person vitaremus 2 nd Person vitares vitaretis 3 rd Person vitaret vitarent

Pluperfect Subjunctive • Formed by 3 rd Principal Part + SSE + M, S, T, MUS, TIS, NT • means “had” • e. g. vito, vitare, vitavi, vitatus Singular Plural 1 st Person vitavissemus 2 nd Person vitavisses vitavissetis 3 rd Person vitavisset vitavissent

Perfect Subjunctive • Formed by 3 rd Principal Part + ERI + M, S, T, MUS, TIS, NT • means “have/ has/ did” • e. g. vito, vitare, vitavi, vitatus Singular Plural 1 st Person vitaverimus 2 nd Person vitaveris vitaveritis 3 rd Person vitaverit vitaverint

Review of Subjunctive Tenses TENSE WHAT TO LOOK FOR IN THE LATIN IMPERFECT INFINITIVE (ARE, ERE, + PERSONAL ENDING IRE) WHAT IT MEANS IN ENGLISH was/ were/ might PLUPERFECT 3 RD PRINCIPAL PART + ISSE + PERSONAL ENDING had PERFECT 3 RD PRINCIPAL PART + ERI + PERSONAL ENDING have/ has/ did PRESENT w. E EAt c. Av. IAr would/ could/ let…

When do you use the subjunctive? DEPENDENT CLAUSES Type of Dependent Clause Phrase that starts with… what to look for… CUM cum (when) PURPOSE ut (so that) INDIRECT QUESTION question word the complete sentence is NOT A QUESTION INDIRECT COMMAND ut (to/ so that) before the “ut” there will be some kind of command word like “ordered”, “asked” etc. RESULT ut (that) before the “ut” there will be a word meaning “so much” or “so great” (e. g. tot, tantus) FEARING ut (that) or ne (lest) before the “ut” or “ne” there will be a word meaning “fear” CONDITIONAL si (if)

Nota Bene: cum clauses don’t always require a subjunctive verb purpose clauses can use the word “ne” where “ne” means “so that… not” Now, translate this phrase again, and explain what tense of the subjunctive you see, and what types of clauses you see: Itaque cum maesti deliberaremus quonam genere praesentem evitaremus procellam

Sentence 1. Peter rogavit ut se poenae eriperemus. 2. Justina deprecata est ut remmiteret. 3. cum Sean Penningtum evitare temptarat, decidit. 4. Linsey coniugere agellis vult ut per meos fines naviget. 5. cum dixisset Emily, Alana interpellavit. 6. Andrew veretur ut Aubrey res abstulisset. 7. cum Allegra et Kat deliberarent, servus interpellavit. Tense Type of Clause Translation

Trimalchio may derive from a semitic word meaning “prince” (Malachi) or the Greek word “malakos” which means “soft/ effeminate”. His full name as given by Petronius was Gaius Pompeius Trimalchio Maecenatianus (where does the name come from? what allusions are being made here? ) • lautus, -a, -um = elegant/ luxurious • horologium, -i = sundial/ clock • bucinator, -oris (m) = trumpter Trimalchio, lautissimus homo. Horologium in triclinio • et bucinatorem habet subornatum, ut subinde sciat quantum de vita perdiderit!“ Amicimur ergo diligenter obliti omnium malorum et Gitona libentissime servile officium tuentem iubemus in balneum sequi. • suborno, -are, -avi, -atus = fit out/ equip/ dress up • subinde = repeatedly/ constantly • perdo, perdere, perdidi, perditus = destroy • amicio, amicire, amicui, amictus = wrap around • Giton in Greek means “neighboror/ borderer”; he is Encolpius’ darling • tueor, tueri, tuitus sum = see to • balineum, -i = bath

vestio, -ire, ivi, -itus = clothe immo = on the contrary magis = more/ rather calvus, -a, -um = bald tam… quam = as much as “pueros capillatos” – long haired effeminate boys were highly prized by their masters; Trimalchio himself began as such a slave • the game being played is “trigon”, where three players stand in a triangle • quam… pretium = although the long haired boys were worth looking at An old bald man is playing ball in the gymnasium… • Nos interim vestiti errare coepimus, immo iocari magis • et circulis accedere, cum subito videmus senem calvum, tunica vestitum russea, inter pueros capillatos • ludentem pila. Nec tam pueri nos, quam erat • operae pretium, ad spectaculum duxerant, quam ipse • pater familiae, qui soleatus pila prasina exercebatur. • Nec amplius eam repetebat quae terram contigerat, sed follem plenum habebat servus sufficiebatque ludentibus. • soleatus – an eccentricity since sandals were normally worn only in the house • contingo, contingere, contigi, contactus = touch • follis, -is (m) = bag • sufficio, sufficere, suffeci, suffectus = give up/ supply

spado, spadonis (m) = eunuch (castrated slaves were an expensive luxury; eunuchs held positions of prestige in religion, and in royal courts. Maecenas was accustomed to be accompanied by 2 eunuchs, the Emperor Claudius also held his eunuch slaves in high esteem • matella, -ae = chamberpot • “non quidem eas” – usually points were scored by how many balls were caught; here the missed balls are counted; the fact that they are not reused is an extravagance Notavimus etiam res novas: nam duo spadones in • diversa parte circuli stabant, quorum alter matellam tenebat argenteam, alter numerabat pilas, non quidem eas quae inter manus lusu expellente vibrabant, sed eas quae in terram decidebant.

miror, -ari, -atus sum = wonder at lautitia, -ae = elegance/ splendor Menelaus here is an assistant rhetor to Agamemnon; he bears the name of Agamemnon’s brother from the Trojan War; why is he described as “running up” to Encolpius and Ascyltos? • cubitum, -i = elbow • principium cenae – the usual practice of bathing before dinner here is rolled into the first part of the dinner itself • etiamnum = even now • The old man turns out to be… Cum has ergo miraremur lautitias, accurrit Menelaus: "Hic est, inquit, apud quem cubitum ponitis, et quidem • iam principium cenae videtis. Et iam non loquebatur Menelaus cum Trimalchio digitos concrepuit, ad quod • signum matellam spado ludenti subiecit. Exonerata ille vesica aquam poposcit ad manus, digitosque paululum adspersos in capite pueri tersit. • concrepo, concrepere, concrepui = make noise/ snap (fingers) • subicio, subicere, subieci, subiectus = throw under/ furnish/ supply • exonero, -are, -avi, -atus = free from a burden/ unload/ empty • vesica, -ae = bladder • posco, poscere, poposci = demand paululum = a little bit • adspergo, adspergere, adspersi, adspersus = sprinkle • tergeo, tergere, tersi, tersus = wipe dry

At the doorway of Trimalchio’s house… Sequimur nos admiratione iam saturi et cum Agamemnone ad ianuam pervenimus, in cuius poste libellus erat cum hac inscriptione fixus: QVIS SERVVS SINE DOMINICO IVSSV FORAS EXIERIT ACCIPIET PLAGAS CENTVM. In aditu autem ipso stabat ostiarius prasinatus, cerasino succinctus cingulo, atque in lance argentea pisum purgabat. Super limen autem cavea pendebat aurea in qua pica varia intrantes salutabat. • lanx, lancis (f) = plate/ dish • pisum, -i = pea • purgo, -are, -avi, -atus = clean/ wash • limen, liminis (n) = threshold • pica, -ae (f) = magpie • satur, satura, saturum (+abl. ) = full of/ satisfied with • postis, -is (m) = door post • foras = out of doors • plaga, -ae = strike • aditus –us = entrance • ostiarius, -i = doorkeeper • prasinatus, -a, -um = wearing a green garment • cerasinus, -a, -um = cherry-colored • succingo, succingere, succinxi, succinctus = gird about • cingulum, -i = belt

Shock and Awe [29] Ceterum ego dum omnia stupeo, paene resupinatus crura mea fregi. Ad sinistram enim intrantibus non longe ab ostiarii cella canis ingens, catena vinctus, in pariete erat pictus superque quadrata littera scriptum: CAVE CANEM. Et collegae quidem mei riserunt. Ego autem collecto spiritu non destiti totum parientem persequi. • paries, parietis (m) = wall • pingo, pingere, pinxi, pictus = paint • “cave canem” was a common drawing/ inscription in paint or mosaic in the front of a Roman home (c. f. tragic poet in Pompeii) • quadratus, -a, -um = squared/ square-cut • collega, -ae (m) = companion • “totum parietem persequi” – the wall that Encolpius is examining is no longer that of the entrance hall, but rather the porticus which is between the entrance hall and atrium. • ceterum = moreover • paene… resupinatus = I almost fell on my back • intrantibus = with respect to those entering • cella, -ae = room (the doorkeeper had a small room at the entrance of the house) • catena, -ae = chain • vincio, vincire, vinxi, vinctus = bind/ fasten

• Erat autem venalicium cum titulis pictum, et ipse • Trimalchio capillatus caduceum tenebat Minervamque ducente Romam intrabat. Hinc quemadmodum ratiocinari didicisset, deinque dispensator factus esset, omnia diligenter curiosus pictor cum inscriptione reddiderat. In deficiente vero iam porticu levatum mento in tribunal excelsum Mercurius rapiebat. Praesto erat Fortuna cornu abundanti copiosa et tres Parcae aurea pensa torquentes • • • in deficiente… = at the end of vero = but/ indeed/ truly porticus, -us (f) = colonnaded walkway lavtum mento = having been raised by his chin tribunal excelsum = raised platform with a magistrate’s seat (Trimalchio attained office sevir Augustalis) praesto = ready/ at hand/ nearby cornu, -us (n) = horn abundans, abundantis = overflowing Parcae, -arum = fates pensum, -i = wool weighed out/ threads • • titulus, -i = label/ tag caduceum… ducente – Trimalchio, sold as a long haired slave, carries the staff of Mercury, the patron god of commerce, and enters Rome in a kind of triumphal procession under the goddess of handicrafts, skill, and wisdom Minerva. quemadmodum = in what manner ratiocinor, -ari, -atus sum = reckon/ compute/ calculate disco, discere, didici = learn deinque = next dispensator, dispensatoris (m) = pay out/ superintendent/ manager/ stewart (by learning arithmetic, Trimalchio rose to the position of chief stewart)

grex, grecis (m) = flock cursor, cursoris (m) = runner grandis, -e = large armarium, -i = cabinet angulus, -i = angle/ corner aedicula, -ae = niche (lararium) (shrine with minatiure columns and triangular temple pediment) • Venus is an approporaite patron goddess for Trimalchio because his rise could be traced back to his master’s favor and his wife’s selling of her jewelry • pyxis, pyxidis (f) = small vase • pusillus, -a, -um = very small • Notavi etiam in porticu gregem cursorum cum magistro se exercentem. Praeterea grande armarium • in angulo vidi, in cuius aedicula erant Lares argentei positi Venerisque signum marmoreum et pyxis aurea • non pusilla, in qua barbam ipsius conditam esse • dicebant. Interrogare ergo atriensem coepi, quas in • medio picturas haberent. " Iliada et Odyssian, inquit, ac • Laenatis gladiatorium munus. " • barbam – the shavings of a boy’s first beard were dedicated to the gods at the coming of age ceremony at the lararium; Suetonius tells how Nero first shaved his beard at a public gymnastic contest, put it in a pyxis decorated with pearls and dedicated it on the Capitol • condo, condere, condidi, conditus = put away • atriensis, -ium = overseer of the atrium/ steward • munus, muneris (n) = duty/ gift/ gladiatorial show • Notice Trimalchio’s placing of the gladiatorial show next to the Iliad and Odyssey

repleo, replere, replevi, repletus = fill up voluptas, voluptatis (f) = pleasure conor, -ari, -atus sum = try “Dextro pede” – it was thought to be an unlucky omen to start with the left foot or to stumble at the threshold; Vitruvius’ guide to architecture dictates that temples be built with an odd number of steps so that one may begin the ascent with the right foot, and arrive on the upper landing with the right foot • praeceptum, -i = rule/ precept • A warning at the entrance of the dining room… [30] His repleti voluptatibus cum conaremur in triclinium intrare, exclamavit unus ex pueris, qui super • hoc officium erat positus: "Dextro pede!" Sine dubio paulisper trepidavimus, ne contra praeceptum aliquis • • nostrum limen transiret.

Ceterum ut pariter movimus dextros gressus, servus • nobis despoliatus procubuit ad pedes ac rogare coepit, ut se poenae eriperemus: nec magnum esse peccatum suum, propter quod periclitaretur; subducta enim sibi vestimenta dispensatoris in balneo, quae vix fuissent • decem milium sestertiorum. • • • despoliatus, -a, -um = robbed/ despoiled of his clothes (stripped for flogging) procumbo, procumbere, procubui, procubiturus (+dat. ) = fall forward/ prostrate oneself poenae = (dat. of separation) from punishment peccatum, -i = error/ mistake periclito, -ari, -atus sum = be in danger subducta (esse)… sibi = were stolen from him decem… sesteriorum = worth ten thousand sesterces

Retulimus ergo dextros pedes, dispensatoremque in • atrio aureos numerantem deprecati sumus ut servo • remitteret poenam. Superbus ille sustulit vultum et: "Non tam iactura me movet, inquit, quam neglegentia • nequissimi servi. Vestimenta mea cubitoria perdidit, quae mihi natali meo cliens quidam donaverat, Tyria • sine dubio, sed iam semel lota. Quid ergo est? dono • vobis eum. " • • semel = once • iam semel lota – Suetonius mentions Nero’s extravagant habit of never wearing the same garment twice; once washed, the stewart’s expensive garment is of no use to him • Quid ergo est = So what am I to do? / What does it matter? • vobis = for your sake/ as a favor to you • • oecarium, -i = little room deprecor, deprecari, deprecatus sum = beg suffero, sufferre, sustuli, sublatus = lift up vultus, -us = face tam… quam = as much as iactura, -ae = throwing away/ loss nequissimus, -a, -um = very worthless cubitorius, -a, -um = worn while lying at the table perdo, perdere, perdidi, perditus = destroy Tyrian purple dye was an expensive luxury; Nero forbade its use and even had a matron wearing a purple garment at one of his recitals dragged out and stripped

A slave’s gratitude… • [31]Obligati tam grandi beneficio cum occurrit nobis ille idem servus, pro quo rogaveramus, et stupentibus spississima basia impegit gratias agens humanitati • nostrae. " Ad summam, statim scietis, ait, cui dederitis beneficium. Vinum dominicum ministratoris gratia • est. " • • ad summam = to the point/ in short • aio = say • • ministrator, ministratoris = attendant/ waiter • “The butler’s favor is the master’s • wine” is proverbial – waiter will show gratitude to a favored guest by • serving him the same wine as he serves the master, while the other guests will get an inferior vintage. obligo, obligare, obligavi, obligatus = bind/ oblige tam grandi = tanto beneficium, -i = kindness/ favor occurro, occurrere, occurri, occursurus (+dat. ) = run to meet stupentibus basia impegit = fixed kisses on us who were dumbfounded spissus, -a, -um = thick/ frequent humanitas, humanitatis (f) = humanity/ kindness

• A joke on the guests… [47] Nec adhuc sciebamus nos in medio lautitiarum, quod aiunt, clivo laborare. Nam commundatis ad symphoniam mensis tres albi sues in triclinium adducti sunt capistris et tintinnabulis culti, quorum unum bimum nomenculator esse dicebat, alterum trimum, • tertium vero iam sexennem. Ego putabam • petauristarios intrasse et porcos, sicut in circulis mos est, portenta aliqua facturos. • • nomenclator, nomenclatoris (m) = name-caller (slave who tells his master the names of people, announces the courses for dinner, and here gives other information like the ages of pigs) • trimus, -a, -um = three year old • sexennis, -e = six year old • petauristarius, -i = tumbler/ rope dancer • porcus, -i = pig • potentum, -i = omen/ unnatural happening/ marvelous trick • supply “esse” with facturos – that the pigs would… • • • quod aiunt = as they say, underscoring the proverbial expression “in medio… clivo laborare” clivus, -i = slope/ hill commundo, -are, -avi, atus = clean thoroughly symphonia, -ae = music sus, suis = pig capistrum, -i = halter/ muzzle tintinnabulum, =i = bell colo, colere, colui, cultus = inhabit/ cultivate/ cherish/ adorn bimus, -a, -um = two year old

Participles Type of Participle What They Look Like How they’re translated Present Active INFINITIVE – “RE” + -ING NS (OR NT + 3 RD DECLENSION ENDING) Perfect Passive 4 TH PRINCIPAL PART (DECLINED IN 1 ST AND 2 ND DECLENSION) HAVING BEEN…

Ablative Absolute A Noun With A Participle, Both In The Ablative Case Example Translation lite pedente with the lawsuit pending eo absente with him being absent his dictis with these [things] having been said vice versa with the alternate having been turned around

Now try translating these: 1) filio necato 2) Cicerone consulente 3) signo dato 4) pace facta 5) femina discedente 6) causa cognita 7) urbe capta 8) mensis commundatis 9) duce vocante 10) expectatione discussa (expel)

Sed Trimalchio expectatione discussa: "Quem, inquit, • ex eis vultis in cenam statim fieri? Gallum enim gallinaceum, Penthiacum et eiusmodi nenias rustici faciunt: mei coci etiam vitulos aeno coctos solent facere. " Continuoque cocum vocari iussit, et non • expectata electione nostra maximum natu iussit occidi, • • • discutio, discutere, discussi, discussus = expel/ dispel/ strike apart gallus gallinaceus = domestic poultry penthiacum, -i = hash (derived from the Theban king Pentheus who was torn to pieces ny frenzied women) nenia, -ae = funeral song/ dirge vitulos = whole calves aeno coctos = pot roasted electio, electionis (f) = choice/ selection

quotus, -a, -um = which/ what (in number/ order) decuria, -ae = group of 10/ division – Trimalchio’s organization of his domestic slaves follows empticius, -a, -um = purchased a suggestion by an = whether/ or Columella on his book “ in decuriam viatorum” – alludes to on agriculture which a guild of agents employed by divides slaves into groups of 10 to make Roman magistrates on official supervision easier and errands promote competition admoneo, admonere, admonui, • quadragesimus, -a, -um admonitus = warn/ remind = fortieth (meaning obsonium, -i = shopping items/ food how many slaves did (here, the pig) Trimalchio have? ) et clara voce: "Ex quota decuria es? " Cum ille se ex • quadragesima respondisset: "Empticius an, inquit, domi natus? --Neutrum, inquit cocus, sed testamento Pansae tibi relictus sum. --Vide ergo, ait, ut diligenter • ponas; si non, te iubebo in decuriam viatorum conici. " Et cocum quidem potentiae admonitum in culinam obsonium duxit. • • •

[48] Trimalchio autem miti ad nos vultu respexit et: • "Vinum, inquit, si non placet, mutabo; vos illud oportet bonum faciatis. Deorum beneficio non emo, sed nunc • quicquid ad salivam facit, in suburbano nascitur eo, • quod ego adhuc non novi. Dicitur confine esse Tarraciniensibus et Tarentinis. Nunc coniungere agellis Siciliam volo, ut cum Africam libuerit ire, per meos fines navigem. • Terracina is a city on the west coast of Italy half way between Rome and Naples • Tarentum is at the heel of Italy (the distance between these was 150 miles; plantations (latifundiae) the size of provinces were a reality) • agellus, -i = little field (adjective’s use is meant to display extrvagance and endearment at the same time) • Africa here refers to a Roman province, not the whole continent • libet, libere, libuit = it pleases • • mitis, -e = ripe/ mellow/ gentle vultus, -us = face/ expression vos… faciatis – it’s up to the guests to make the wine good by drinking it; the wine is not the best and its only recommendation is that the guests are drinking it non emo = emo nihil (notice the vertical integration) saliva, -ae = flavor/ taste suburbanum, -i = estate/ farm near the city confinis, -e = having common boundaries

domusio, domusionis = home use studium, -i = eagerness/ study fastidio, fastidire, fastidivi, fastiditus = disdain “III” sounds like a mistake, so it’s probably right (Sedgwick) bybliotheca, -ae = library peristasis, peristasis (f) = facts/ circumstances (of a case) • “Quid est pauper? ” – an interruption for a definition was in the manner of a rhetorical debate; notice that Agamemnon, as a rhetor is poor • nescio quam = I don’t know what Sed narra tu mihi, Agamemnon, quam controversiam • hodie declamasti? Ego autem si causas non ago, in domusionem tamen litteras didici. Et ne me putes • studia fastiditum, tres bybliothecas habeo, unam • Graecam, alteram Latinam. Dic ergo, si me amas, peristasim declamationis tuae. " Cum dixisset Agamemnon: "Pauper et dives inimici erant. . . ", ait • Trimalchio: "Quid est pauper? --Urbane", inquit Agamemnon et nescio quam controversiam exposuit. • Statim Trimalchio: "Hoc, inquit, si factum est, • controversia non est; si factum non est, nihil est. "

• Haec aliaque cum effusissimis prosequeremur laudationibus: "Rogo, inquit, Agamemnon mihi carissime, numquid duodecim aerumnas Herculis • tenes, aut de Ulixe fabulam, quemadmodum illi Cyclops pollicem poricino extorsit? Solebam haec ego • puer apud Homerum legere. Nam Sibyllam quidem Cumis ego ipse oculis meis vidi in ampulla pendere, et • cum illi pueri dicerent: "Sibilla, ti thelis? ", respondebat illa: "apothanin thelo". • • Sibylla, -ae = Sibyl (prphetess of Cumae who appears in Vergil’s Aeneid) • • ampulla, -ae = amphora/ bottle/ flask (The Sibyl was granted immortality but • not eternal youth; she grew so old, she • lives in a bottle and longs to die) • Sibilla, , ti thelis? . . . apothanin thelo = Sibyl, what do you want… I want to die • effusus, -a, -um = abundant/ profuse laudatio, laudationis (f) = ptaise/ applause carus, -a, -um (+dat. ) = dear numquid = num = surely not aerumna, -ae = hardship/ trouble/ labor pollex, pollicis (m) = thumb poricinus, -i = ring extorqueo, extorquere, extorsi, extortus = twist off/ wrench away/ dislocate Is Trimalchio’s recollection correct?

[49] Nondum efflaverat omnia, cum repositorium cum • sue ingenti mensam occupavit. Mirari nos celeritatem coepimus, et iurare ne gallum quidem gallinaceum tam cito percoqui potuisse, tanto quidem magis, quod longe maior nobis porcus videbatur esse, quam paulo • ante aper fuerat. • • efflo, -are, -avi, -atus = breathe out/ blow out repositorium, -i = portable stand for serving courses sus, suis = pig gallus gallinaceus = domestic poultry percoquo, percoquere, percoxi, percoctus = cook through tanto… magis, quod = the more so, because

Deinde magisque Trimalchio intuens eum: • "Quid? quid? inquit, porcus hic non est exinteratus? Non mehercules est. Voca, voca cocum in medio. " Cum constitisset ad mensam cocus tristis et diceret se oblitum esse exinterare: "Quid, oblitus? Trimalchio • exclamat, putes illum piper et cuminum non coniecisse! Despolia!" Non fit mora, despoliatur cocus atque inter duos tortores maestus consistit. • • • magisque… intuens = looking at… closer and closer exentero, -are, -avi, atus = to gut supply “es” with “oblitus”; remember that it’s deponent piper, piperis (n) = pepper cuminum, -i = cumin despolio, -are, -avi. – atus = rob/ plunder/ undress mora, -ae = delay

severitas, severitatis (f) = strickness/ severity inclino, -are, -avi, atus = bend/ lean nequissimus, -a, -um = most worthless • ignosco, ignoscere, ignovi, ignotius (+dat. ) = forgive/ pardon • piscis, piscis (m) = fish • praetereo, praeterire praeterii, praeteritus = go past/ neglect Deprecari tamen omnes coeperunt et dicere: "Solet • fieri. --Rogamus mittas. -- Postea si fecerit, nemo nostrum pro illo rogabit. " Ego crudelissimae severitatis, non potui me tenere, sed inclinatus ad aurem Agamemnonis: "Plane, inquam, hic debet • servus esse nequissimus: aliquis oblivisceretur porcum exinterare? Non mehercules illi ignoscerem, si piscem praeterisset. " •

At non Trimalchio, qui relaxato in hilaritatem vultu: • "Ergo, inquit, quia tam malae memoriae es, palam nobis illum exintera. " Recepta cocus tunica cultrum • arripuit, porcique ventrem hinc atque illinc timida • manu secuit. Nec mora, ex plagis ponderis inclinatione crescentibus tomacula cum botulis effusa sunt. • • • At non Trimalchio = But Trimalchio was not relaxo, -are, -avi, -atus = loosen/ ease/ relax hilaritas, hilaritatis (f) = cheerfulness palam (+abl. ) = openly/ publicly culter, cultri = knife venter, ventris (m) = stomach hinc atque illinc = from this side and that plaga, -ae = strike/ slit ponderis inclinatione = because of the inclination/ sagging of the weight plagis… crescentibus = with slits increasing/ the slits that were growing larger tomaculum, -i = sausage botulus, -i = black pudding, German blutwurst

Fellini’s Satyricon