New Left New Conservatism New Left Contrasts with

New Left, New Conservatism

New Left Contrasts with “Old Left” Socialists, Communists (1930 s-1940 s) New Deal Democrats Government programs to address poverty

“New Left” Constituents Students for a Democratic Society Anti-war, including Cold War foreign policy SDS, led by Tom Hayden Port Huron Statement (1962) College Students—UC Berkeley Inspired and radicalized by the Civil Rights movement

Young Americans For Freedom Countered SDS Defended free enterprise Supported Vietnam War Sharon Statement (1960) Criticized big government

Counterculture Third group—overlapped with New Left, but not the same Hippies Drugs—marijuana, LSD 1967—”Summer of Love” Flower Children 1969—Woodstock (concert) San Francisco (Haight-Ashbury); NYC (Greenwich Village) Folk Music Pete Seeger, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez Beatles Inspired Rolling Stones, The Who, The Doors

1968! January 30—Tet Offensive March 31—Johnson announces he will not run for reelection April 4—Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Riots June 5—Assassination of Robert Kennedy August—Democratic National Convention Chicaco (“Siege of Chicago”) Youth International Party (“Yippies”)—Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin Police vs. Protesters Hubert Humphrey nominated

Republican Response Richard Nixon—Republican nominee Appeals to “Silent Majority” Taxpayers, not protesters Against anti-war movement George Wallace, governor of AL, runs for president as a segregationist. Doesn’t win, but pushes Republicans toward issue of “law and order, ” and against welfare liberal elitism Two demographic groups leave Democrats and join Republicans Northern working-class Southern Democrats “Tonight—to you, the great silent majority of my fellow Americans —I ask for your support. ”

Women’s Movement Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique (1963) Women seek more than to be wives, mothers, homemakers “Women’s Lib” Represented by Gloria Steinem, Ms. magazine At first, in opposition to NOW (Betty Friedan’s National Organization of Women), but later they worked together More radical protesters Introduced concepts like sexism and male chauvinism Women of color struggled for rights within the civil rights movement, but did not join the women’s lib movement in large numbers Phyllis Schlafly Conservative Founder of Eagle Forum Opposed Equal Rights Amendment

Women’s Rights: Legislation and Judicial Decisions Griswold v. Connecticut (1965): Sup. Ct. ruled that married people had the right to use birth control; contraceptives were previously outlawed or restricted. Equal Rights Amendment Passed House and Senate in 1972 35 states ratified; 38 needed Deadline set for 1982; ratification failed Title IX—Gender equality in schools and women’s sports (1972) Roe v. Wade (1973): Legalized abortion