Motivation Emotion 27 10 2009 Motivation Emotion Instructor

Motive n Specific need, desire, or want, such as hunger, thrust, or achievement, that

Emotions n State characterized by physiological arousal and changes in facial expressions, gestures, posture,

n n n 27 -10 -2009 Motivation occurs whether we are aware it or

Perspectives on Motivation n Instinct theory n n Attributes behavior to instincts (specific inborn,

Perspectives on Motivation n Drive reduction theory n n Motivated behavior is aimed at

Types of Motivation n Intrinsic Motivation n n Extrinsic Motivation n 27 -10 -2009

Primary Drives n n Physiological based unlearned motive, such as hunger. Associated with the

Other Motives n Stimulus Motives n n 27 -10 -2009 Unlearned motives, that are

Aggression n n Aggression in human beings encompasses all behaviors that is intended to

Social Motives n n Social Motives: Acquired by growing up in a particular society

Social Motives n Power n n Affiliation n 27 -10 -2009 The need to

A Hierarchy of Motives Self actualization Esteem Belonging Need Belongingness & Love Safety Needs

Slides: 13

Download presentation

Motivation & Emotion 27 -10 -2009 Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir

Motive n Specific need, desire, or want, such as hunger, thrust, or achievement, that prompts goal-oriented behavior. STIMULUS MOTIVE BEHAVIOR How Motivation works? ? 27 -10 -2009 Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 2

Emotions n State characterized by physiological arousal and changes in facial expressions, gestures, posture, and subjective feelings Motivation n 27 -10 -2009 An inner state (either a need or desire) that energizes & directs us and keeps us moving toward our goals Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 3

n n n 27 -10 -2009 Motivation occurs whether we are aware it or not Same motivation or emotion may produce different behavior etc, …Earning money Same behavior might arise from different motives or Emotions Etc, … watching movies Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 4

Perspectives on Motivation n Instinct theory n n Attributes behavior to instincts (specific inborn, inflexible, goal-directed behavior patterns characteristics of an entire species) Criticism n Most human behavior is not inborn but is learned n Human behavior is rarely rigid, inflexible, unchanging and characteristic of the species 27 -10 -2009 Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 5

Perspectives on Motivation n Drive reduction theory n n Motivated behavior is aimed at reducing drive (state of bodily tension or arousal) and returning the organism to homeostasis Criticism n n 27 -10 -2009 Drives are not always reduced, they are increased as well Some behavior is also triggered by external stimuli (incentive) than internal states Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 6

Types of Motivation n Intrinsic Motivation n n Extrinsic Motivation n 27 -10 -2009 A desire to perform a behavior that originates within the individual A desire to perform a behavior to obtain an external reward or to avoid punishment Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 7

Primary Drives n n Physiological based unlearned motive, such as hunger. Associated with the survival of the organism and the species Principal Primary drives n n n 27 -10 -2009 Hunger Thirst Sex Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 8

Other Motives n Stimulus Motives n n 27 -10 -2009 Unlearned motives, that are more dependent on external stimuli and are associated with obtaining information about the environment. Curiosity & Exploration Manipulation Contact Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 9

Aggression n n Aggression in human beings encompasses all behaviors that is intended to inflict physical or psychological harm on others. Aggression & frustration Learning aggression by observing Aggression and culture n n Individualistic & collectivistic societies Gender & aggression n Nature vs nurture 27 -10 -2009 Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 10

Social Motives n n Social Motives: Acquired by growing up in a particular society or culture Achievement n n 27 -10 -2009 The desire to excel and overcome obstacles Aspects of achievement oriented behavior n Work orientation n Mastery n Competitiveness Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 11

Social Motives n Power n n Affiliation n 27 -10 -2009 The need to win recognition or to influence or control individuals or groups The need to be with others Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 12

A Hierarchy of Motives Self actualization Esteem Belonging Need Belongingness & Love Safety Needs Safety & Security Physiological 27 -10 -2009 Motivation & Emotion Instructor: Saba Nasir 13