Management of Aquifer Recharge and Energy Storage MARES

Management of Aquifer Recharge and Energy Storage (MARES) …. . Aquifer Recharge and Storage …. Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage 1

Management of Aquifer Recharge and Storage (MARS): 15% of drinking water in Holland 2

MARS TECHNIQUES 3

ATES wells (open system): Summer 4 Winter

Closed ATES system (tubes) 5

Four products MARES project • Quick scan technical feasibility of MARES in Romania • Inventory of institutional and legal issues • Preliminary designs • Training of Romanian experts 6

Quick Facts ATES • • Heating and cooling of buildings, offices, processes Saves up to 90% on primary energy and CO 2 Cooling without air conditioning Using winter “cold” for cooling in summer Using summer heat for heating in winter Energy neutral system (after T) Return on investment between 1 and 7 years and also…. • Using groundwater with average temperature of 5 -15 o. C • Wells in aquifer, between 20 till max 300 m -sl • No harmful effects for the environment or aquifer system • No smell, no noise, no visual effects 7

Quick Facts (2) Development in Holland 1992 2008 End of 2008: > 1. 000 8

Usage ATES can be used for: • Office buildings; • Hospitals and schools; • Urban areas (as alternative of district heating); • Private houses (different but similar technique); • Appartment buildings • Greenhouses; • etc 9

Example: office building (The Hague, NL) • Office space of 35. 000 m 2 • Thermal energy demand • Cold 1. 800 k. W • Heat 2. 150 k. W • Conventional system was: district heating and cooling equipment (airco) • Old system is changed by ATES with 4 wells Result • Pay back time of additional investments for ATES: 4 years. • Reduction of costs for energy, € 800. 000, -- over a period of 10 yrs 10

Example: office building (Zwolle, NL) • Office space of 28. 500 m 2 • Thermal energy demand • Cold 2. 000 k. W • Heat 1. 750 k. W • Conventional system was: gas fired boilers and cooling equipment • Old system changed by ATES with 2 wells Result: • Pay back time additional investment less then 2 years. • Reduction of energy costs, € 1. 000 over a period of 10 yrs • The office produces a heat surplus. 11

ATES wells and groundwater Information abstraction wells (for drainage of civil construction site) 12

Normal situation Information Planned situation (without building pit drainage) (with building pit drainage) Cold groundwater lost by abstraction for building pit drainage 13

Modelled well temperatures Temperature difference discharged groundwater due to building pit drainage 14

Example: Hospital (Turkey) Electrical energy saving of • 3. 250 MWh/year for cooling • 1. 000 m 3 of oil for heating. Total investment cost was calculated to • roughly 1 million USD Value of energy savings as • approximately 500. 000 USD • pay-back time of 2 years 15

MARS in Romania • • • The underground might be feasible for MARS Climate change – increasing droughts favors MARS Strategic interests of ROC? Energy and economic savings Legal aspects under present laws might need adaptions How to Realize? • Feasibility study (technical, economical, juridical) • Test drilling • Design and specification • Arrangement of permits • Selecting construction team • Construction and realization • Commissioning • Monitoring 16

ATES in Romania • • • The underground seems feasible for ATES The climate is very suitable Decrease of oil and gas dependence CO 2 and primary energy savings up to 90 % Strong reduction on exploitation costs Legal aspects under present laws might need adaptions How to Realize? • Feasibility study (technical, economical, juridical) • Test drilling • Design and specification • Arrangement of permits • Selecting construction team • Construction and realization • Commissioning • Monitoring 17

ATES in Romania: feasibility Feasibility of the subsoil 18

ATES in Romania: feasibility next step Is there an aquifer present? (sand, chalk, sandstone) Has the aquifer the right properties? ATES is not possible - it is possible to extract 50 m³/h - minimum depth aquifer = 20 m below ground level - maximum temperature of the groundwater = 20 °C Has the groundwater the right quality? ATES is not possible anaerobic conditions (no O 2 and NO 3) Are there any legal restrictions? ATES maybe possible; water quality is point of attention - groundwater protection area - prohibition for well drilling ATES is possible 19 ATES is not possible

MARS in Romania: feasibility next step Is there an aquifer present? (sand, chalk, sandstone) Has the aquifer the right properties? MARS is not possible - it is possible to extract >20 m³/h - K > 5 m/d and < 100 m/d ; H> 10 m - enough horizontal extension, > 1 km 2 Infiltration feasible by basins or wells MARS is not possible - phreatic or confined conditions Are there any legal restrictions? MARS maybe possible; water quality is point of attention - groundwater protection area - prohibition for well drilling MARS is possible 20 MARS is not possible

MARES planning 21

For Quick Scan – Elaboration phase Actions: • • • 22 Form team INHGA – AR – Mo. EF - BDG Quick scan inventory of what happens already (MARS and ATES) based on literature review, websearch etc. Connect with Gabardine project for MARS? Production of two national feasibility maps (MARS and ATES) Short description of top 10 regions/locations for MARS and ATES

Information • • ATES and MARS (MARES) consortium in Romania: BDG, contact Mrs Florentina Nanu or Mrs Ioana Groza E-mail: florentina. nanu@bdgind. ro ; ioana. groza@bdgind. ro Telephone: +40723152330 Hydrological effects 23