January 2009 doc IEEE 802 11 090111 r

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Broadband V 2 I Access for High Speed Transportation Date: 2009 -1 -20 Authors: Notice: This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802. 11. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802. 11. Patent Policy and Procedures: The contributor is familiar with the IEEE 802 Patent Policy and Procedures <http: // ieee 802. org/guides/bylaws/sb-bylaws. pdf>, including the statement "IEEE standards may include the known use of patent(s), including patent applications, provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder or applicant with respect to patents essential for compliance with both mandatory and optional portions of the standard. " Early disclosure to the Working Group of patent information that might be relevant to the standard is essential to reduce the possibility for delays in the development process and increase the likelihood that the draft publication will be approved for publication. Please notify the Chair <stuart. kerry@philips. com> as early as possible, in written or electronic form, if patented technology (or technology under patent application) might be incorporated into a draft standard being developed within the IEEE 802. 11 Working Group. If you have questions, contact the IEEE Patent Committee Administrator at <patcom@ieee. org>. Submission 1 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Abstract • We talk about WLAN broadband access for high speed transportation. – Motivation – Market – Requirement • Handover Latency Case Study – Comparison with Existing IEEE 802. 11 Standards – Comparison with Other Standards – Straw Poll Submission 2 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Motivation • Many high speed trains (>200 km/h) are already in operation in Europe and Asia. • Developments of 10, 000 km of express railway tracks are estimated in next 20 years in the world. • Train operators want broadband network between rail-side and train for such as train survey, passenger service and so on. • And they want to operate the network by their own. Wi-Fi will meet their needs. (Equipments cost, Operation cost, Bandwidth…) Submission 3 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Markets • • – – – • Shanghai Transrapid Beijing-Tianjin HSCL 278, 000 km 236, 000 km 128, 000 km 110, 000 km 22 systems in operation in 15 countries. Expected new high speed train – • North America: EU: Russia: East Asia: Central/South America: Name Existing high speed train (> 200 km/h operation) – • Existing High Speed Train (> 300 km/h) Train (Railway Transportation) Total extension of railway is approximately 1, 350, 000 km in the world. 10, 000 km in next 20 years. Of cause, not only high speed train but also ordinary train can use this technology. 430 km/h China 350 km/h TGV France 320 km/h ICE Germany 320 km/h Shinkansen Japan 300 km/h AVE Spain 300 km/h Eurostar EU 300 km Thalys EU 300 km/h Italy 300 km/h Taiwan 300 km/h Korea 300 km/h Treni Eurostar Italia Taiwan HSR 4 Max. Speed China KTX Submission Country Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Expected Applications • • Internet Hot-spot service for passengers. On board digital signage. Cabin monitoring. Backbone for femtocell. – – Submission Subway Tunnel 5 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Requirements • Target Speed – – TGV plans 360 km/h operation. Trans. Rapid in Shanghai is operated in 430 km/h. JR-Maglev records 581 km/h and JR plans to start service in 2025. 500 km/h is enough? • Scalability – Railway networks are so huge and many trains run on a network simultaneously. – So a train runs across many communication network. • Security – Security is very important because private information will flow on networks. – For example, a train survey application will transfer a video which includes a passenger’s face and his lunch. Submission 6 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Inter-Network Use Network A Network B AP AP Network C AP AP AP Inter-Network Handover Submission Network D AP AP Inter-Network Handover 7 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Inter-network Handover Latency 1. Discover a new AP. • Latency can be reduced by 11 k or multiple radio interfaces. 2. Association with new AP. (includes authentication/key exchange…) • • 11 i authentication is NOT fast. It needs many packet exchanges. 3. Network layer setup. Submission 8 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 MAC Requirements • Fast Association – Train must handover during passing overlap zone for seamless handover. – Handover latency impacts distance between APs. (= cost) Old AP New AP Overlap Zone Submission 9 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Case Study • Assumption – Maximum speed: 500 km/h = 140 m/s – Cell Radius: 200 m – Route Length: 1, 000 km Case 1: Handover Latency = 100 ms Minimum Overlap Zone length= 14 m Distance between adjacent APs = 386 m Number of APs = 2, 591 Old AP New AP 200 m 14 m 200 m 386 m Submission 10 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Case Study (cont. ) Case 2: Handover Latency = 500 ms Minimum Overlap Zone distance= 70 m Distance between adjacent APs = 330 m Number of APs = 3031 (117% of Case 1) Case 3: Handover Latency = 1 s Minimum Overlap Zone distance= 140 m Distance between adjacent APs = 260 m Number of APs = 3847 (148% of Case 1) Old AP New AP 200 m 140 m 200 m 260 m Submission 11 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Case Study (cont. ) Case 4: Handover Latency >1. 43 s Minimum Overlap Zone distance > 200 m Old AP New AP 200 m STA must begin new handover process before completing old handover process. Submission 12 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Comparison with Existing IEEE 802. 11 Standards Inter-Network Security Use Fast Roaming (Handover) IEEE 802. 11/a/b/g/n +IEEE 802. 11 i +IEEE 802. 11 r We need Approaches a. b. Submission Fast authentication/key exchange. Inter-network fast roaming. 13 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 PHY Compatibility • Existing PHY can be used in high speed environment. (08/1020 r 1) • So existing WLAN chipset can be used with some firmware and/or driver modification. LOW COST Submission 14 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Comparison with Other Standards Equipment Cost Operation Cost 3 G, 3. 5 G 14. 4 Mbps (Downlink) 11. 5 Mbps (Uplink) Very High LTE 100 Mbps (Downlink) 50 Mbps (Uplink) Very High Wi. MAX (IEEE 802. 16 e) 21 Mbps High Low IEEE 802. 11 100 Mbps (11 n MAC) Low Submission Bandwidth 15 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.

January 2009 doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -09/0111 r 0 Questions & Comments Submission 16 Hitoshi MORIOKA, ROOT Inc.