FAA Inspectors and FAAST Managers Training Federal Aviation

FAA Inspectors and FAAST Managers Training Federal Aviation Administration MODULE 3 Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM) 03/17/09 Rev. 1. 0 Downloaded from www. avhf. com SL-1 -FIFMT-3

Objectives • Upon completing this lesson: – You will understand single-pilot resource management including ADM, RM, AM, TM, SA, and CFIT avoidance. – You will also know the 5 Ps (plan, plane, pilot, passengers, and programming) and how to use them to increase or regain SA. Federal Aviation Administration SL-2 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Overview • • Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM) Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) Risk Management (RM) Automation Management (AM) Task Management (TM) Situational Awareness (SA) 5 Ps CFIT Avoidance Federal Aviation Administration SL-3 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM) • SRM is the art and science of managing all resources (both on-board the aircraft and from outside sources) available to a single pilot (prior and during flight) to ensure the successful outcome of the flight is never in doubt. Federal Aviation Administration SL-4 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

SRM • SRM is the single pilot version of CRM. – It emphasis judgment and decision-making rather than teambuilding and synergy. • SRM includes ADM, RM, AM, TM, SA, and CFIT avoidance. Federal Aviation Administration SL-5 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) • ADM is a systematic approach to the mental process and mental skills used by pilots to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances. – It is important to include both the mental process and mental skills in the definition and application of ADM. Federal Aviation Administration SL-6 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

ADM (cont. ) • Previously mental skills were overlooked in flight training. • Now we know that these mental skills need and can be taught. – These mental skills are analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. Federal Aviation Administration SL-7 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Poor Decision-Making Skills • It is not difficult to see that a pilot is not likely to make good decisions with a poor ability to analysis a problem or situation. • Likewise, a pilot is un-likely to make good decisions with poor abilities to synthesis and evaluate. • Analysis, synthesis, and evaluate are the underlying judgment and decision-making skills. Federal Aviation Administration SL-8 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Risk Management (RM) • RM is a decision-making process designed to systematically identify hazards, assess the degree of risk, and determine the best course of action. • RM checklist can be found at: – http: //www. faa. gov/education_research/tr aining/fits/guidance/media/personal minimums checklist. pdf Federal Aviation Administration SL-9 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Automation Management (AM) • Advanced avionics requires specific training on how to use the avionics effectively. • There is more information available than can be displayed at one time. – Information is organized and presented on pages and/or on groups of pages. Federal Aviation Administration SL-10 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

AM (cont. ) • Pilots must be taught how to use and must practice using the equipment until competency. • Best practices are the subject of ongoing research. – The autopilot is needed, if not required, to effectively use the available information. Federal Aviation Administration SL-11 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Task Management (TM) • Task management is defined as prioritizing and selecting the more appropriate tasks (or series of tasks) to ensure successful completion of the flight. Federal Aviation Administration SL-12 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Task Management (TM) (cont. ) • Task management is not a new concept; however, it has taken on more importance with the increase in complexity of the avionics. – Automation, information, and task management are closely related, in many situations, overlap and are often inseparable. Federal Aviation Administration SL-13 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Situational Awareness (SA) • Means to be aware of all factors such as traffic, weather, fuel state, aircraft mechanical condition, and pilot fatigue level that may have an impact on the successful completion of the flight. • Lack of SA means the pilot will not make necessary decisions. Federal Aviation Administration SL-14 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

The 5 Ps – Practical Application of SRM • The 5 Ps are a suggested technique for maintaining or regaining SA. • The 5 Ps are the: – Plane – Pilot – Passengers – Programming Federal Aviation Administration SL-15 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Plan • Can be called the mission or the task • Basic elements – Cross country planning • Weather • Route • Fuel • Publications currency • Etc. Federal Aviation Administration SL-16 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Plane • Consists of the usual array of cosmetic and mechanical issues that every aircraft pilot, owner, or operator can identity. • Now includes: – database currency, – automation status, and – emergency/backup systems Federal Aviation Administration SL-17 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Pilot • “IMSAFE” checklist is a good starting point. • Advanced avionics may lead to: – exposure to high altitude flying, – longer distance and endurance, and – more challenging weather due to longer distances. Federal Aviation Administration SL-18 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Passengers • The single-engine pilot must recognize the very personal relationship with the passengers. – In fact, the passenger is within an arms reach at all times. – The passenger’s well being including health, concerns, etc. will affect the flight and must be considered. Federal Aviation Administration SL-19 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Can passengers be a resource? • Pilots and non-pilots? Federal Aviation Administration SL-20 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Programming • TAAs add the need to enter and maintain the navigational equipment. – This requires attention and competency. – Can cause task management issues. • If the advanced avionics equipment is not programmed, what information is available and what is un-available? Federal Aviation Administration SL-21 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Practice Exercise Federal Aviation Administration SL-22 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

With a partner: • List the actions a pilot should take for each of the 5 Ps – before takeoff – during the flight • Develop a plan for when or how often (decision points) the 5 Ps should be used during the flight. Federal Aviation Administration SL-23 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

5 P Resource • Course Developer’s Guide – http: //www. faa. gov/training_testing/trainin g/fits/training/generic/media/course_devel opers. pdf – Top of page 40. Federal Aviation Administration SL-24 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Avoidance of Controlled Flight into Terrain (CFIT) • Controlled flight into terrain is a significant problem in GA. • The distractions that the advanced avionics could present must be considered. Federal Aviation Administration SL-25 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

CFIT Avoidance • Understand, describe, and apply techniques to avoid CFIT encounters: – during inadvertent encounters with IMC VFR flight and system and physiological incidents IFR flight. • Maintain SA by using the 5 Ps before leaving cruise altitude. Federal Aviation Administration SL-26 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Practice Exercise Federal Aviation Administration SL-27 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

With a partner: • Describe the techniques or actions that can be used to avoid CFIT. Federal Aviation Administration SL-28 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Review • • Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM) Aeronautical Decision-Making (ADM) Risk Management (RM) Automation Management (AM) Task Management (TM) Situational Awareness (SA) 5 Ps CFIT Avoidance Federal Aviation Administration SL-29 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

Objectives • Upon completing this lesson: – You will understand single-pilot resource management including ADM, RM, AM, TM, SA, and CFIT avoidance. – You will also know the 5 Ps (plan, plane, pilot, passengers, and programming) and how to use them to increase or regain SA. Federal Aviation Administration SL-30 -FIFMT-3 Downloaded from www. avhf. com

FAA Inspectors and FAAST Managers Training Federal Aviation Administration MODULE 3 Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM) The End 03/17/09 Rev. 1. 0 Downloaded from www. avhf. com SL-31 -FIFMT-3