Defining Fitness Concepts Types of Fitness Components Health

Types of Fitness Components • Health Related – Health-related concepts of physical fitness have

Body Composition • The relative percentage of muscle, fat, bone, and other tissues that

Muscular Endurance • The ability of the muscles to repeatedly exert themselves. A fit

Strength • The ability of the muscles to exert an external force or to

Cardiovascular Fitness • The abilty of the heart, blood vessels, blood, and respiratory system

Flexibility • The range of motion available in a joint. It is affected by

Agility • The ability to rapidly and accurately change the direction of the movement

Balance • The maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or while moving. • Examples: Water

Coordination • The ability to use the senses with the body parts to perform

Power • The ability to transfer energy into force at a fast rate. •

Reaction Time • The time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of reaction to

Speed • The ability to perform a movement in a short period of time.

References • Corbin, C. B. , Lindsey, R. , & Welk, G. (2000). Concept

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Defining Fitness Concepts

Types of Fitness Components • Health Related – Health-related concepts of physical fitness have a direct relationship to good health and reduced risk of hypokinetic disease. • Skill related – Skill-related concepts of physical fitness are related to specific motor skills required for high levels of performance in sports and certain jobs.

Health-Related Concepts of Fitness

Body Composition • The relative percentage of muscle, fat, bone, and other tissues that comprise the body. A fit person has a relatively low, but not too low, percentage of body fat (body fatness). • A healthy percentage of body fat is: – Women 12 to 20 % – Men 4 to 12 %

Muscular Endurance • The ability of the muscles to repeatedly exert themselves. A fit person can repeat movements for a long period without undue fatigue. • Example: A baseball pitcher

Strength • The ability of the muscles to exert an external force or to lift a heavy weight. A fit person can do work or play that involves exerting force, such as lifting or controlling one’s own body weight. • Example: Lifting something heavy from the floor to a shelf

Cardiovascular Fitness • The abilty of the heart, blood vessels, blood, and respiratory system to supply fuel and oxygen to the muscles and the ability of the muscles to utilize fuel to allow sustained exercise. A fit person can persist in physical activity for relatively long periods without undue stress. • Example: A marathon runner

Flexibility • The range of motion available in a joint. It is affected by muscle length, joint structure, and other factors. A fit person can move the body joints through a full range of motion in work and in play. • Example: A dancer

Skill-Related Components of Fitness

Agility • The ability to rapidly and accurately change the direction of the movement of the entire body in space. • Examples: Snow skiing and wrestling

Balance • The maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or while moving. • Examples: Water skiing and performing on a balance beam

Coordination • The ability to use the senses with the body parts to perform motor tasks smoothly and accurately. • Examples: Juggling, hitting a golf ball or baseball

Power • The ability to transfer energy into force at a fast rate. • Example: Throwing the discus or putting the shot

Reaction Time • The time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of reaction to that stimulation. • Examples: Driving a racing car or starting a sprint race

Speed • The ability to perform a movement in a short period of time. • Examples: A sprinter on a track team or a wide receiver on a football team

References • Corbin, C. B. , Lindsey, R. , & Welk, G. (2000). Concept 1. In V. Malinee, & T. R. Musel (Eds. ), Concepts of Physical Fitness: Active Lifestyles for Wellness (pp. 1 -14). Dubuque, IA: The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc.