Chapter TwentyOne The Furnace of Civil War 1861

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Chapter Twenty-One The Furnace of Civil War, 1861 -1865

Chapter Twenty-One The Furnace of Civil War, 1861 -1865

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 One effect of the first Battle of Bull

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 One effect of the first Battle of Bull Run was 1. to convince the North that victory would not be difficult. 2. to increase the South’s already dangerous overconfidence. 3. to demonstrate the superiority of Southern volunteer soldiers over Northern draftees. 4. to cause a wave of new Southern enlistments in the army. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 2

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 One effect of the first Battle of Bull

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 One effect of the first Battle of Bull Run was 2. to increase the South’s already dangerous overconfidence. Hint: See page 453. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 3

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After George Mc. Clellan’s failure to capture Richmond

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After George Mc. Clellan’s failure to capture Richmond in the Peninsular Campaign, President Lincoln 1. ordered Mc. Clellan to pursue a strategy of blockade and total war against the South. 2. attempted to negotiate with Jefferson Davis to bring the South back into the Union. 3. appointed General Ulysses Grant as commander of all Union armies. 4. fired Mc. Clellan as commander of the Army of the Potomac. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 4

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After George Mc. Clellan’s failure to capture Richmond

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After George Mc. Clellan’s failure to capture Richmond in the Peninsular Campaign, President Lincoln 4. fired Mc. Clellan as commander of the Army of the Potomac. Hint: See page 457. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 5

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After the unsuccessful Peninsular Campaign, Lincoln and the

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After the unsuccessful Peninsular Campaign, Lincoln and the Union turned to 1. a new strategy based on “total war” against the Confederacy. 2. a new strategy based on an invasion through the mountains of western Virginia and Tennessee. 3. a pattern of defensive warfare designed to protect Washington, D. C. 4. a reliance on the navy rather than the army to win the war. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 6

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After the unsuccessful Peninsular Campaign, Lincoln and the

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After the unsuccessful Peninsular Campaign, Lincoln and the Union turned to 1. a new strategy based on “total war” against the Confederacy. Hint: See page 457. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 7

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The primary center for the widespread practice of

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The primary center for the widespread practice of “blockade running” was 1. the British Bahamas. 2. Cuba. 3. Canada. 4. Mexico and the south Texas coast. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 8

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The primary center for the widespread practice of

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The primary center for the widespread practice of “blockade running” was 1. the British Bahamas. Hint: See page 458. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 9

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Britain and France were on the verge of

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Britain and France were on the verge of recognizing the Confederacy until the crucial Battle of 1. Fredericksburg. 2. Gettysburg. 3. Shiloh. 4. Antietam. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 10

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Britain and France were on the verge of

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Britain and France were on the verge of recognizing the Confederacy until the crucial Battle of 4. Antietam. Hint: See page 459. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 11

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Officially, the Emancipation Proclamation freed only 1. slaves

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Officially, the Emancipation Proclamation freed only 1. slaves who had fled their masters and joined the Union army. 2. slaves under control of the rebellious Confederate states. 3. slaves in the border states and in areas under Union army control. 4. slaves in Washington, D. C. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 12

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Officially, the Emancipation Proclamation freed only 2. slaves

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Officially, the Emancipation Proclamation freed only 2. slaves under control of the rebellious Confederate states. Hint: See pages 460– 461. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 13

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Besides the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln’s key step in

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Besides the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln’s key step in turning the Civil War into a war against slavery was probably 1. his call for slaves throughout the South to revolt. 2. his enlistment of blacks as soldiers and sailors in the Union army and navy. 3. his proposal of a constitutional amendment to end slavery. 4. his orders to the military to no longer enforce slavery in the border states. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 14

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Besides the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln’s key step in

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 Besides the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln’s key step in turning the Civil War into a war against slavery was probably 2. his enlistment of blacks as soldiers and sailors in the Union army and navy. Hint: See page 462. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 15

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The cry “Remember Fort Pillow” arose in response

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The cry “Remember Fort Pillow” arose in response to the Confederate policy of 1. putting black northern soldiers to death as rebellious slaves rather than holding them as prisoners of war. 2. starving and beating northern soldiers held in prisoner of war camps. 3. forcing captured black northern soldiers back into slavery. 4. using secret agents and spies to undermine northern civilian morale. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 16

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The cry “Remember Fort Pillow” arose in response

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The cry “Remember Fort Pillow” arose in response to the Confederate policy of 1. putting black northern soldiers to death as rebellious slaves rather than holding them as prisoners of war. Hint: See page 463. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 17

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The two battles that occurred from July 1

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The two battles that occurred from July 1 to July 4, 1863, and sealed the military defeat of the Confederacy, were 1. Bull Run and Lookout Mountain. 2. Atlanta and Mobile Bay. 3. Gettysburg and Vicksburg. 4. Shiloh and Chickamauga. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The two battles that occurred from July 1

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 The two battles that occurred from July 1 to July 4, 1863, and sealed the military defeat of the Confederacy, were 3. Gettysburg and Vicksburg. Hint: See pages 464– 467. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 19

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After his victories at Fort Henry and Fort

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After his victories at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson, General Ulysses Grant became identified with the Union policy of 1. unconditional surrender. 2. complete emancipation of the slaves. 3. “forty acres and a mule” to be distributed to former slaves. 4. harsh punishment of Confederate leaders who had violated their oaths to the United States. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 20

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After his victories at Fort Henry and Fort

Kennedy, The American Pageant Chapter 21 After his victories at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson, General Ulysses Grant became identified with the Union policy of 1. unconditional surrender. Hint: See page 466. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 21

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