Ancient Greece Unit Test Study Guide Geography of

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Ancient Greece Unit Test Study Guide

Ancient Greece Unit Test Study Guide

Geography of Greece • The geography of Greece impacted their culture: – There were

Geography of Greece • The geography of Greece impacted their culture: – There were rugged, rocky mountains: • The mountains separated the Ancient Greeks so that they did not feel united. This caused them to develop city-states. • Good for grazing sheep and goats • too steep and rocky for farming

Geography of Greece • The geography of Greece impacted their culture: – There were

Geography of Greece • The geography of Greece impacted their culture: – There were archipelagos (many islands): • The Ancient Greeks were able to travel to many places and learn from other cultures. • Ancient Greeks traded crops (olives, barley, grains) with other civilizations. • Many Ancient Greeks were great sailors and shipbuilders.

Geography of Greece The geography of Greece impacted their culture: • Greece had a

Geography of Greece The geography of Greece impacted their culture: • Greece had a Mediterranean climate: • lack of rain made it difficult to grow grains • ideal for growing olive trees and grape vines • olive oil and wine became important trade goods and increased wealth

Geography of Greece • The geography of Greece is different from all of the

Geography of Greece • The geography of Greece is different from all of the other civilizations that we have studied this year because they did not settle near a major river. • Major rivers were NOT a feature of Greece’s geography. • Greece was made up of islands and peninsulas. • It wasn’t actually a country, but independent city-states due to the mountains surrounding them.

Religion The Ancient Greeks used religion to explain the environment, natural phenomena they witnessed,

Religion The Ancient Greeks used religion to explain the environment, natural phenomena they witnessed, and the passing of time. It gave advice on the best way to lead a happy life. Myths were used to retell historical events so that people could maintain contact with their ancestors, the wars they fought, and the places they explored. The ancient Greeks were polytheistic and believed that their major gods lived on Mount Olympus.

Spartan The _____ women had the greatest amount of freedom than other women in

Spartan The _____ women had the greatest amount of freedom than other women in ancient Greece.

The Peloponnesian War was caused by: the rivalry between Athens and Sparta for power

The Peloponnesian War was caused by: the rivalry between Athens and Sparta for power in Greece.

The Golden Age of Athens • The Golden Age of Athens began after they

The Golden Age of Athens • The Golden Age of Athens began after they defeated the Persians. • The leader, Pericles, began rebuilding the city. Wealth and power grew. • Athens formed an alliance with other city-states during this time of peace. • They focused more on the arts and education.

Lasting Accomplishments • Literature/Myths: These stories explained the unknown. They help us understand the

Lasting Accomplishments • Literature/Myths: These stories explained the unknown. They help us understand the Greek culture better and passed on information about their history and way of life. • Olympic Games: The world still holds these competitions every four years. It is a way for the world to come together in one place and value the athleticism and cultures of others. • Democracy: Many countries around the world practice a form of democracy. These nations value the people’s right to be involved in decision making. • Mathematics: Numerous mathematical theories were developed during this time and are still used today. They are the foundation for new mathematical thinking and continued practice. • Medicine: This is the first time that a civilization understood that the gods did not have an impact on a person’s health. Instead, it was environmental factors. They developed the Hippocratic Oath which doctors still use today. • Phalanx: A new military formation that gave Spartans a huge advantage in war time situations. It was used for centuries by many other civilizations. Today, armies reflect on it when developing new effective formations.

Comparing Athens and Sparta philosohers city-states democracy fierce warriors theater used helots to meet

Comparing Athens and Sparta philosohers city-states democracy fierce warriors theater used helots to meet their need for food Athens Sparta

Life in Athens was more like our society because…. • their form of government

Life in Athens was more like our society because…. • their form of government was a democracy • they valued a wellrounded education • they supported the arts • they had a strong navy

The Downfall of Greece • Years of internal fighting left the citystates weakened. •

The Downfall of Greece • Years of internal fighting left the citystates weakened. • The Macedonians conquered the citystates. • After Alexander the Great died, his generals divided up the empire.

Social Classes of Ancient Greece: name u o y Can ss? a l c

Social Classes of Ancient Greece: name u o y Can ss? a l c l a i oc each s aristocracy citizens small farmers tenant farmers women and children born to citizens resident aliens non-citizens