Age of Charlemagne Copyright Clara Kim 2007 All

Age of Charlemagne Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved.

What are the ‘Middle Ages’? • The time after the Roman Empire declined • Medieval Europe was fragmented after the Germanic Tribes took over

Germanic Customs • Germanic invaders could not read or write so learning declined • Germanic tribes did have a rich oral tradition of songs and legends but NO WRITTEN language • No common language since Latin began to change from region to region

Christianity • Germanic tribes adopted Christianity • Monasteries – communities of nuns and monks who were servants of God – They were Europe’s best educated – They opened schools

Christianity – Maintained libraries – Copied important books: this preserved Greco. Roman cultural achievements

Monastery of the Cross

Saint George Monastery

The Carolingian Dynasty • Charles Martel – Expanded Frankish power and became more powerful than the king • This began what is known as the reign of the Carolingian Dynasty = time of Frankish rulers

Charles the Great • He was 6 ft 4 inches = taller than many in Europe • AKA Charlemagne • Becomes king of the Francs • Quickly controlled the entire kingdom of the Francs • Spread Christianity and reunited western Europe for the first time since the Roman Empire

Age of Charlemagne • He regularly visited every part of his kingdom • Limited the power of the nobles • Encouraged learning which revived Roman Culture • The Pope crowned him Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire • After he died his united kingdom fell apart

MORE INVASIONS! • From 800 to 1000 the Magyar warriors terrorized Germany and Italy • From the north, the Vikings attacked • Vikings attacked with quick speed. – They beached their ships, attacked, then shoved out to sea again – They were also traders and explorers (Leif Ericson) – Impressive warships

The Middle Ages Feudalism

Feudalism Rises • A system of landholding and governing • It was based on an exchange of protection for other services

Lords give knights/vassals land (fief) in exchange for the knights’ promise to defend the lord and his land Feudal System lords

Feudal Pyramid • Turn to page 324 in the text book

Feudal Society • Rigid (strict) class structure Fief Vassal Serf Land given to a Vassal from a Lord The person receiving the fief Peasants who work the land

• The manor is the lord’s estate • The manor system is an economic arrangement that is selfsufficient Manors

Manors • Lord provides housing, strips of farmland, and protection from bandits • In return, serfs tend the lands, cared for his animals, and maintained the estate/manor

Life on the Manor • Rarely traveled more than 25 miles from the manor • Generally 15 -30 families lived in the village on a manor • Everything needed such as food, clothes, fuel, lumber and leather goods were produced on the manor • Only outside purchases were salt, iron and unusual objects

Turn to page 326 in the text book

Pictures Cited • • • • • Slide 1 – http: //www. mnsu. edu/emuseum/history/middleages/images/rainbow. jpg Slide 2 – http: //scrapbookingtolearn. com/images/maxpages/Mid. Ages 3 pgkage. jpg Slide 3 – http: //beeradvocate. com/im/articles/668 -1. jpg Slide 4 – http: //www. writespirit. net/image/unknown/christ Slide 5 – http: //pow. reonline. org. uk/images/pic_christianity. jpg Slide 6 – http: //www. sacred-destinations. com/israel/images/jerusalem/monastery-ofcross/monastery-of-the-cross-cc-heatkernel. jpg Slide 7 – http: //www. atpm. com/7. 09/israel/images/st-george-monastery. jpg Slide 8 – http: //images. jupiterimages. com/common/detail/15/97/23359715. jpg Slide 9 – http: //www. atlastours. net/holyland/mar_saba_monastery. jpg Slide 10 – http: //stgregory. all-catholic. net/gregory 2. jpg Slide 12 – http: //content. answers. com/main/content/wp/en/thumb/4/4 e/250 px. Charlemagne-by-Durer. jpg Slide 13 – http: //www. nndb. com/people/180/000085922/charlemagne-1 -sized. jpg Slide 14 – http: //globalgenealogy. com/globalgazette/images/gazxs 42 a. jpg Slide 16 – http: //home. exetel. com. au/manxman/vikings/Cool. Print. Viking. Ship. jpg Slide 17 – http: //www. geocities. com/richard_holmes/images/bodiam. jpg Slide 18 – http: //content. answers. com/main/content/wp/en/thumb/c/ca/250 px. Rolandfealty. jpg Slide 19 – http: //media. allrefer. com/s 4/l/p 0013046 -feudalism. gif

Pictures Cited • Slide 20 – http: //tayci. tripod. com/cstleclif. jpg • Slide 22 – http: //www. sheppardsoftware. com/images/Europe/factfile/415 px. Burg_Eltz_1. jpg • Slide 23 – http: //www. medievalcastles. org/pictures/gigantic_castle. jpg • Slide 25 – http: //home. att. net/~karen. crisafulli/Carew. Castle. jpeg