02232004 doc IEEE 802 15 04079 r 2

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Project: IEEE 802. 15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Requirements for a UWB Common Signaling Protocol] Date Submitted: [23 February, 2004] Source: [Yasaman Bahreini, John Santhoff, Kai Siwiak], [Ismail Lakkis]: Company 1 [Pulse~LINK] Company 2 [ Wideband Access], Address 1 [1969 Kellogg Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008], Address 2 [12396 World Trade Ave. Suite 117, San Diego, CA 92128], Voice 1: [(760) 607 -0844], FAX 1: [(760) 607 -0861], E-Mails 1: [ybahreini@ieee. org, jsanthoff@pulselink. net, k. siwiak@ieee. org] Voice 2: [(858) 618 -1930], FAX 2: [(858) 618 -1980], E-Mail 2: [ilakkis@widebandaccess. com] Re: [Ad hoc Meeting Submission] Abstract: [At least one task group has chosen a UWB PHY, and another group in P 802. 15 is considering UWB PHY that will operate in common spectrum. This presentation focuses on potential coexistence issues of multiple UWB PHY layers in a common frequency band. ] Purpose: [Focus and attention need to be directed to P 802. 15 and discussions started on issues effecting coexistence of multiple UWB PHY layers using common spectrum. It is early enough in the standards draft process to consider preemptive measures to ensure coexistence. ] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P 802. 15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P 802. 15. Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 1 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Coexistence of Multiple UWB Physical Layers ? Allowing Many Flavors of UWB Signaling to Coexist Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 2 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Outline • • • Coexistence picture today How do we address UWB Coexistence? A Common Signaling Protocol (CSP) Design goals for a CSP Proposed options for CSP Summary comparison of proposed CSP options Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 3 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Coexistence Picture Today • Currently: only one UWB standard in draft: P 802. 15. 3 a • Today concern is UWB transmitter to Narrow-Band receiver. • Coexistence, however, is: “the ability of one system to perform a task in a given shared environment where other systems that may or may not be using the same set of rules”. [IEEE 802. 15. 2 definition of coexistence, http: //grouper. ieee. org/groups/802/15/pub/2000/ Sep 00/99134 r 2 P 802 -15_TG 2 -Coexistence. Interoperabilityand. Other. Terms. ppt] • In the works: – P 802. 15. 4 SG 4 a might consider a UWB solution – P 802. 11 are looking for solutions which might involve UWB • We need a pre-emptive action to ensure the orderly introduction of various UWB PHYs Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 4 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 How do we Solve the Problem? • We need an “Etiquette” to manage peaceful coexistence of different UWB PHY layers • Today’s action set the path for UWB evolution for decades. • A framework is needed that addresses guidelines on “what spectrum” is accessed “when” • A common signaling protocol can act as such an arbitrator Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 5 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Why a Common Signaling Protocol? • We have a Once-in-a Lifetime opportunity to define an emerging wireless standard on a potentially global scale – Let’s use this opportunity to address interoperability and coexistence as a part of the standard instead of as an after thought • Example of the recent past: – the unlicensed ISM bands have experienced explosive growth with multiple PHY layer interfaces defined – In the ISM 2. 4 GHz band, there are no less than five different PHY standards competing for coexistence in the same spectrum. (802. 11 b, 802. 15. 3, 802. 15. 4, Bluetooth and Cordless Phones) • UWB is gaining momentum: – It is likely that multiple UWB based PHY layers will emerge – Already in 802. 15. 3 a; potential in 802. 15. 4 SG 4 a; Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 6 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 What is a Common Signaling Protocol? • A UWB operational mode understandable to all UWB air interfaces • Methodology for allowing multiple different UWB PHY layers to coexist in – the same spectrum bands – same coverage areas • Uses cooperative management of allocated PHY resources of time and frequency Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 7 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Design Philosophy • Common mechanism that is “pro-active” rather than “re-active” • Uses a pre-defined framework potentially allowing fair UWB PHY layer resource allocation • Collaborative: – Collaborated TDMA /FDMA techniques to allow for alternate transmissions among different UWB standards – Collaborated techniques for managing packet transmission based on channel monitoring • Non-Collaborative: – Adaptive packet (time/frequency) selection and scheduling Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 8 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Design Goals Primary: • • Address coexistence - interoperability among differing UWB PHYs Low cost so minimal PHY is not burdened Provide discovery beacon Provide coarse SYNCH and frequency acquisition, protocol selection Secondary: • Provide diversity, fine SYNCH and frequency acquisition, AGC, channel estimation • Basis for a low rate – long range PHY • Enable simpler geo-positioning capabilities • Provide mechanism for sleep mode, and wake up for power conservation Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 9 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 PHY: CSP Preamble Requirements • Introduce a mandatory/standard preamble before different UWB-based standards are ratified: – With the simplest modulation that is recognizable by all UWB systems, and in the frequency band that most likely would be used by all UWB devices – Simple to detect and lock-to for both HDR or LDR systems – Provides a type indicator to identify UWB protocols – This CSP preamble would be used for AGC, Antenna Diversity, DC Offset Removal, Energy Detection, Signal Detection, Coarse Timing and Frequency Estimation. Different UWB standard-specific preamble fields (responsible for 2 nd AGC, and Channel Estimation, and Fine Timing and Frequency Estimation) can be appended to this standard preamble. Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 10 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 CSP MAC Requirements • Time-slot Allocation • Scheduling of different PHY packets • Provide some provisions for Qo. S ALL Min. Changes to MAC Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 11 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 1 • CSP Preamble sent as in MB-OFDM proposal: – BPSK at Symbol Rate of 3. 2 Msps – Time-frequency interleaved over 3 -bands in freq. range: 3. 17 -4. 75 GHz – Packet Synch Sequence: Hierarchical – Every PNC is assigned to one set of Hierarchical sequences and a time-freq. combination – A non-hopping LDR DEV sees a symbol rate of 1. 066 Msps. Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 12 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 1: PNC to DEV Communications • PNC –- MB-OFDM DEV: – As currently specified • PNC –- DS-UWB DEV: – In order to operate need • Rate conversion unit (polyphase filtering) to interpolate/decimate from 1. 368 GSps to 528 MSps OR a frequency synthesizer capable of generating 528 MHz. • Loss of received RF energy at a portion of f 1, and f 3 bands due to mismatch of proposed front end filter requirements and band(s) of operation. Increased probability of false alarm. • Need for adjusting front end gain settings when moving from the preamble to DATA mode. • PNC –- LDR UWB DEV: – Can be supported via non-coherent simple receiver (delay & multiply, integrate& dump). Data rate ~ 1 Mbps or less via. – Needs longer preamble for robust acquisition (extend the preamble for LDR mode) Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 13 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 1: DEV to PNC Communications • MB-OFDM DEV --- PNC: – • As currently specified DS-UWB DEV --- PNC : – In order to operate need a) Rate Conversion: • • Rate conversion unit (poly-phase) to interpolate 528 MHz to 1. 368 GHz OR a frequency synthesizer capable of generating 528 MHz. Need DAC to generate MB-OFDM preamble in the three bands of operation b) No Rate Conversion: • No need for rate conversion. Need to generate optimal Ternary Code set that resembles the closest to MB-OFDM Hierarchical SYNCH Sequences (will not be optimal) Loss of received RF energy at a portion of f 1, and f 3 bands due to mismatch of proposed front end filter requirements and band(s) of operation. Increased probability of false alarm. Need for adjusting front end gain settings when moving from the preamble to DATA mode. • LDR UWB DEV --- PNC : – Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting Can not be supported. High-speed DAC is required. 14 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 2 • CSP Preamble sent as in Option 1 AND • DS-UWB Chip Rate is changed to 1. 584 Gcps and hence all the relevant parameters adjusted to match this rate • No change to DS-UWB filter requirements Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 15 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 2: PNC to DEV Communications • PNC –- MB-OFDM DEV: – As currently specified • PNC –- DS-UWB DEV: – In order to operate need • Loss of received RF energy at a portion of f 1, and f 3 bands due to mismatch of proposed front end filter requirements and band(s) of operation. Increased probability of false alarm. • Need for adjusting front end gain settings when moving from the preamble to DATA mode. • PNC –- LDR UWB DEV: – Can be supported via non-coherent simple receiver (delay & multiply, integrate& dump). Data rate ~ 1 Mbps or less via. – Needs longer preamble for robust acquisition (extend the preamble for LDR mode) Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 16 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 2: DEV to PNC Communications • MB-OFDM DEV --- PNC: – As currently specified • DS-UWB DEV --- PNC : – In order to operate need • Need DAC to generate MB-OFDM preamble in bands f 1, and f 3 (due to rotation wrt f 2) • Loss of received RF energy at a portion of f 1, and f 3 bands due to mismatch of proposed front end filter requirements and band(s) of operation. Increased probability of false alarm. • Need for adjusting front end gain settings when moving from the preamble to DATA mode. • LDR UWB DEV --- PNC : – Can not be supported. High-speed DAC is required. Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 17 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 3 • CSP Preamble sent only in the middle band of MBOFDM: – There is no FH, and hence no time-freq. combination per PNC – Center band (f 2: 3. 696 – 4. 224 GHz) is used for all PNC’s – Hence different PNC’s use different set of Hierarchical sequences – Cyclic prefix, and guard interval can be removed; hence a better TX/RX power efficiency and better probability of detection • AND DS-UWB Chip Rate is changed to 1. 584 Gcps and hence all the relevant parameters adjusted to match this rate • No change to DS-UWB filter requirements Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 18 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 3: PNC to DEV Communications • PNC –- MB-OFDM DEV: – As currently specified BUT frequency diversity is taken away – Better probability of detection – Need for adjusting front end gain settings when moving from the preamble to DATA mode. • PNC –- DS-UWB DEV: – In order to operate need only to adjust front end gain settings when moving from the preamble to DATA mode • PNC –- LDR UWB DEV: – Can be supported via non-coherent simple receiver (delay & multiply, integrate& dump). Data rate ~ 1 Mbps or less via. – Needs longer preamble for robust acquisition (extend the preamble for LDR mode) Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 19 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 3: DEV to PNC Communications • MB-OFDM DEV --- PNC: – As currently specified BUT frequency diversity is taken away – Better probability of detection – Need for adjusting front end gain settings when moving from the preamble to DATA mode. • DS-UWB DEV --- PNC : – In order to operate • Need for adjusting front end gain settings when moving from the preamble to DATA mode. • LDR UWB DEV --- PNC : – May be supported. Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 20 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 4 Design Goals • A LDR beacon that broadcasts around every 10 ms – The HDR modes are not bugged down since this is not so frequent – HDR preambles would be categorized as “Initial Mode Preamble = CSP Preamble” and “Streaming Mode Preambles” – Power save mode (sleep mode) • Additional hardware. Needs to be low cost. • Very simple LDR TX/RX architecture Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 21 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 4 Specifics • Modulation: as simple as DBPSK. • Allows simple transceiver architecture. (coherent or non-coherent analog correlator receiver) • Frequency band: at least 984 MHz band centered around 4. 0 GHz • The base rate needs to be an integer sub-multiple of 24 Mbps • Different PNC’s use different codes Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 22 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 4: PNC to DEV Communications • PNC –- MB-OFDM DEV: – Minimum Added circuitry – Coexistence achieved • PNC –- DS-UWB DEV: – Min Added circuitry – Coexistence achieved • PNC –- LDR UWB DEV: – Can be supported – Coexistence achieved Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 23 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Option 4: DEV to PNC Communications • MB-OFDM DEV --- PNC: – Minimum Added circuitry – Coexistence achieved • DS-UWB DEV --- PNC : – Minimum Added circuitry – Coexistence achieved • LDR UWB DEV --- PNC : – Can be supported – Coexistence achieved Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 24 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK

02/23/2004 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -04/079 r 2 Summary • Coexistence among multiple UWB PHYs is feasible • We proposed 4 different methods to achieve coexistence • Option 3 and Option 4 seem to be the most attractive compromise points Submission to San Diego Ad hoc Meeting 25 Yasaman Bahreini, Pulse~LINK