WP 5 GHG emission reduction certification Stefan Majer

WP 5: GHG emission reduction (&) certification Stefan Majer, Maik Budzinski BIOSURF Kick-off, Palais Liechtenstein, Vienna, 26. 02. 2015

Introduction to WP 5 • In the recent years, the demonstration of GHG mitigation effects from the production and use of biofuels has gained significance importance • The EU RED 2009/28/EC has set mandatory GHG-mitigation thresholds for the use of biomethane as a transportation fuel and includes a methodology for the calculation as well as a number of default values: ◦ Biogas* from municipal organic waste 73% ◦ Biogas* from wet manure 81% ◦ Biogas* from dry manure 82% à Default values for Biomethane are limited to wastes and residues, no values available for biomethane from energy crops à The application of the RED methodology for biomethane provides some challenges and open questions 2

Main Objectives of WP 5 • Development of guidelines on calculating entitlement to CO 2 -certificates for the biomethane • Definition and assessment of a number of exemplary biomass-to-biomethanevalue-chains with regards to their environmental impacts. • Based on these assessments: - a number of recommendations for the adaptation of the RED GHG calculation methodology can be developed and - the most prominent drivers for emissions in the analysed biomethane pathways can be identified and described. 3

Main Objectives of WP 5 Data - potential methane emission reduction due to processing of: • organic waste, Methodology (acc. to EU RED) - allocation of by-products, - credits for avoided emissions, • agricultural by-products (incl. manure), - emission factors, - methane leakage, - etc. - substitution of mineral fertiliser, Ø discussion of best available data and highlighting further need for research Ø recommendations for the adaptation of the RED GHG calculation methodology 4

Activities and Tasks 5

Activities and Tasks Task 5. 1 Lead: AKB participants: EBA, FNR, HBA, DBFZ, GBA Methane emission reduction due to processing agri by-products • Analysis of emission reduction potential due avoided methane emissions caused by storage and application of untreated farm fertilizer and on methane emission caused by depositing animal by-products on landfills as well as C and N 2 O losses through catch crops and straw rotting process. 6

Activities and Tasks Task 5. 2 Lead: REA participants: DBFZ, EBA, GBA, FNR Methane emission reduction due to processing organic waste • Analysis of emission reduction potential from the use of organic waste in biogas units and thus avoided landfill site deposition.

Activities and Tasks Task 5. 3 Lead: AKB participants: DBFZ, FNR, GBA, EBA GHG emission saving due to replacement of chemical fertilisers • Detailed analysis of the GHG emission reduction potential achievable by applying the fermentation residue as organic fertiliser replacing industrial chemical fertilisers.

Activities and Tasks Task 5. 4 Lead: DBFZ participants: AKB, FNR, EBA, REA GHG emissions caused by biomethane production (Life Cycle Analysis) • • • Definition specific exemplary process chains (based on the information and results provided by tasks 5. 1 -5. 3 and WP 4) and assessment of their GHG-emissions and their GHG mitigation potential. Exemplary process chains will reflect country specific substrate compositions, supply scenarios as well as scenarios for the use of the digestate. As a result of these tasks a number of recommendations for the adaptation of the RED methodology to calculate GHG emissions will be given.

Activities and Tasks Task 5. 5 Lead: DBFZ participants: EBA, AKB, REA Methodology for entitlement to CO 2 certificates • The results of the work carried out in Tasks 5. 1 – 5. 4 will be integrated into Guidelines on calculating entitlement to C 02 certificates by biomethane producers.

Activities and Tasks Deliverables in WP 5 • D 5. 1: Recommendations for the adaptation of the GHG calculation methodology for biomethane systems included in Annex V of the EU RED (Month 18); • D 5. 2: Assessment of GHG reduction potentials due to the use of animal excrements and organic waste streams as biogas substrates and the replacement of industrial chemical fertilisers by digestate (Month 20); • D 5. 3: Methodology for the calculation and certification of GHG emission caused by the production of biomethane (in the whole Life Cycle) (Month 22); • D 5. 4: Description of the most prominent drivers of emissions in LCA for biomethane production (Month 24); • D 5. 5: Comprehensive Methodology on calculating entitlement to CO 2 certificates by biomethane producers (Month 30).

Time schedule and next steps • First proposal to discuss the exemplary process chains for the LCA in Task 5. 4 • Discuss main input parameters for LCA to be provided by Tasks 5. 1 -5. 3 • Begin Literature review on upstream emissions from synthetic fertiliser production

Researching the energy of the future – come and join us! Contacts Stefan Majer Phone: +49(0)341 2434 – 411 E-Mail: stefan. majer@dbfz. de Maik Budzinski Phone: +49(0)341 2434 – 133 E-Mail: maik. budzinski@dbfz. de DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige Gmb. H Torgauer Straße 116 D-04347 Leipzig Phone: +49 (0)341 2434 – 112 E-Mail: info@dbfz. de www. dbfz. de