What have we learnt and achieved so far

What have we learnt and achieved so far? WE-Care teams from Colombia, Ethiopia, Malawi, the Philippines, Uganda, Zimbabwe and WE-Care coordination team

WHERE WE CAME FROM The WE-Care Initiative at the start… • Developing easy to use, low-cost research methodologies on care • Generating analysis on care for programmes • Piloting programme interventions • Evidence for influencing development policy and practice on WEE

WHERE WE CAME FROM And What We Are Achieving 1. Improve how Oxfam/development programmes deliver for women by tackling unpaid care work 2. Address heavy and unequal care for women’s empowerment with the 4 ‘R’s: 1) Recognise unpaid care work 2) Reduce heavy, difficult and inequality in how care is provided 3) Redistribute care in HHs, tocommunities, government and market 4) Represent carers in decision-making at all levels

WHERE WE CAME FROM And What We Are Achieving • • • Training is needed and at a distance works No backlash, men and leaders involved Low-cost and relatively simple tools Compelling “good enough” evidence Multi-stakeholder engagement is leveraging impact for beyond our project • The approach is spreading beyond grant ambitions

WHERE WE ARE NOW Research Findings • Household Care Survey with 1100 HH in 5 countries show that women do an average of 5. 9 hours of care work and 11. 3 hours of care responsibility (incl. Looking after children and dependents) • Men do an average of 1. 1 hours of care work a day and have 3. 7 hours of care responsibility • Women have longer working hours (all work) and less time for leisure/rest

WHERE WE ARE NOW Research Findings How do HHs change heavy and unequal care? – Women’s income, savings, education are not consistently correlated with shorter or more equal care hours – so higher levels of these do not necessarily help women renegotiate housework – Women in productive work: for every hour more of productive work they would have 15 mins to 30 mins less care work – not a significant shift + longer work hours and less sleep – Water systems help reduce care work, fuel-efficient stoves do too in some contexts – Modelling new gender roles help (urban exposure + GALS methodology)

WHERE WE ARE NOW Programme Interventions 3 kinds of interventions 1. Time and labour-saving equipment (e. g. water points, stoves): immediate results and key solutions identified by communities 2. Shifting gender roles and social norms: much more rigid barrier than expected 3. Advocacy with government and private sector for improved care related infrastructure and services: critical for long-term systemic change

WHERE WE ARE NOW Influencing • Local governments with local evidence and asks for communities and CSOs • National-level influencing with multi-stakeholder engagement – buy-in and commitments • Global development actors: DFID, UNWomen, SEEP Network etc • New areas: VAW/Care, nutrition

WHERE WE ARE GOING • Scale-up approach (humanitarian: post-Ebola, Haiyan Response) • Scale-up programme interventions (in WECare countries, WEE programmes, RCT in Malawi) • Scale-up Influencing – Unpaid care and women’s (economic) empowerment – Multi-stakeholder processes • Evidence for influencing with follow-up survey on “what works” to address care

ZIMBABWE WE-CARE PROGRAMME Achievements and impact: Research Context specific evidence on unpaid care work Evidence used for advocacy, recognition of care work and intervention design. Recognition of the heavy and unequal care work by men, women, community leaders, professionals and stakeholders at different levels in districts, provinces and at national level through RCAs, awareness raising activities and multi-stakeholder engagements. In Zvishavane alone between April and May: 32% of households that had been sensitised had recognised and started redistributing unpaid care work, 19% of these reported boys participating in household chores. Stakeholders through the MOWCG have acknowledged that this is a development issue that needs to be addressed. Increased confidence in some women to raise their voices on workloads, missed opportunities because of heavy and unequal care

ZIMBABWE WE-CARE PROGRAMME Achievements and impact: Influencing Successful dissemination of results from the findings from the RCAs and HCS through the multistakeholder meetings, face to face meetings, community dialogues and Oxfam internal meetings Multistakeholder meetings at district level have resulted in commitments towards labour saving tools E. g: donation of 80 water containers from Turk mine, free advertising space for billboards and repair of a community water tank by district councils, training on energy saving stoves by the Ministry of Small to Medium Scale Enterprise Ministry, etc

ZIMBABWE WE-CARE PROGRAMME Achievements and impact: Programme interventions Time and labour- saving tools - recipients have already started to show reduction in frequency of activities like fetching water and firewood. Innovative and extensive awareness raising activities- The use of the WE Care champion model and the door to door approach for awareness raising. Training and use of WE Care champions has allowed for reach outside the project implementing wards - April and May alone the champions reached 632 men, women, girls and boys Breaking into the media space through newspaper articles and statements during international commemorations like the International Women’s day e. g Vaida’s article in the Chronicle, IWD newspaper article, Herald article Securing additional funds for scale up through the Garden Trust which will allow for implementation of scale up of proposed interventions.

ZIMBABWE WE-CARE PROGRAMME Lessons Learnt Efforts to raise awareness of care issues are critical through community structures in order to be legitimate and cost effective. Community champions has proved to be a cost effective and sustainable way of cascading information and getting quick buy in from communities and monitoring. There is potential of collaborative work with public and private sector stakeholders and communities on care with a facilitating the collaboration process. Progress and planning meetings with partners consistent and frequent. Communities recognize care issues, but making changes requires external support and resources. The programme needs a clear and robust M&E system that can be used to measure both short term and long term changes.

ETHIOPIA WE-CARE PROGRAMME Achievements 1. WE-Care approach replicated in another WEE project in Somali region (+ Oromia region) 2. 500 fuel-efficient stoves distributed with Gi. Z in Somali region after RCAs/HCS (anecdotal evidence suggests reducing care hours and increasing women’s ability to engage in milk production/sale) 3. 3 Wereda capacity building and awareness raising meetings 4. 2 regional multi-stakeholder processes to validate research and solutions to address care, solutions endorsed by government

ETHIOPIA WE-CARE PROGRAMME Lessons Learnt 1. Collection of context specific evidence on care work is vital for all programmes 2. Mixed groups ( male &female) work well in RCA exercises 3. RCA facilitation guideline could be further developed as a community conversation guideline to transform community awareness on care 4. Collaboration with organizations with specific expertise on designing and promoting environment and gender friendly labour and time saving equipments is vital

ETHIOPIA WE-CARE PROGRAMME Lessons Learnt 5. Ensuring participation of women in the design and production of labour and time saving equipments (such as FES) promotes knowledge, and increases income of women engaging in the process 6. In availing care infrastructure or distribution of equipments, beneficiaries should have contribution (in kind or cash) for increased ownership and sustainability. 7. Enhancing internal staff capacity for cross programme learning 8. Evidence to generate buy-in and commitments from government was effective, especially in validating solutions

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UGANDA WE-CARE PROGRAMME Lessons Learnt from Programme Design • Implementing Partner(s) must be aware of the methodology, the UG working group was formed comprised of OXFAM, UWONET(Lead National/advocacy partner) and WORUDET (Local partner). The platform/space kept everyone engaged and on the same page. • HHS and RCA were done with involvement of the working group. • The findings of the RCA and HHS were internalized as group and have developed clear indicators.

UGANDA WE-CARE PROGRAMME Lessons Learnt from Implementation • Change at household level requires sustained dialogues with husbands and traditional leaders • Engage the caregivers in discussions around unpaid care work to change the mindset • Women Leaders and spouses involvement to better monitor changes with target group • Time and labour saving technologies: focus on water and energy based on findings – listening to communities.

UGANDA WE-CARE PROGRAMME Impact: Changes in communities • Increasing number of men who confidently speak in public (in meetings and trainings) that they help their wives with household chores such as cooking food and their wives are proud of them. • Some families have constructed fuel efficient stoves themselves. Women with these stoves report reduction in time spent in preparing meals.

MALAWI WE-CARE PROGRAMME Achievements • • • Strong emphasis is on research component for national and thematic influencing (nutrition and care) The Oxfam country programme in Malawi: Rapid Care Analysis first step in all livelihoods programming ICT-enabled Household Care Survey developed and piloted in the m. Nutrition programme, reaching a total of 600 women respondents in Mchinji and Lilongwe. m. Nutrition stakeholders, including key government ministries and departments, endorsed the relevance of unpaid care work for women’s rights, health and nutrition. m. Nutrition partners (SHA and VR) agreed to ensure that the nutrition messages develop do not increase care work for women RCA in Mitundu was transformative for participants, and the chief of the community committed to using community meetings as a platform to encourage men to do more care.

MALAWI WE-CARE PROGRAMME Lessons Learnt • • • RCAs cemented the need for OXFAM programs to address care if the women we are targeting are to have maximum benefits through increased participation in our programs. Need to do more work on perceptions and perpetuating the role of women as care providers. Given that cultural norms and traditions emerged as the major cause of the gendered roles and care work in the RCAs - interventions involve the local/traditional leaders Oxfam incorporated questions on violence against women and genderbased violence in relation to unpaid care – producing critical findings. Next steps- A validation workshop will be conducted for the RCA and the ICTenabled HCS results, exploring Randomised Control Trial for influencing

PHILIPPINES WE-CARE PROGRAMME Achievements and Impact • Integrated care work in host programmes strengthened interventions – humanitarian, livelihoods, adaptation and risk reduction (ARR) • Addressed care work without additional costs/resources – – Tools - gendered PCVA Awareness raising Participation of women – design, intervention, Apply do no harm (DNH) principles; ensure interventions do not add to women’s care work responsibilities – Interventions o o Awareness raising during distribution of kitchen tools, NFIs, Wa. SH – laundry area, chamber pots Livelihoods - nursery, market place, integration in climate resilient field schools Location of interventions (e. g. , laundry areas, water points) • Influenced LGUs to improve their planning processes and donors to adapt interventions

PHILIPPINES WE-CARE PROGRAMME Learning on What Works to Address Care • • • Gender champions within the team Male advocates who raise ‘difficult questions’ Willingness to learn and innovate Buy-in of LGUs/decision-makers Availability of resources – tool kits, RPs, etc. Contextualisation of interventions Openness of LGU Strong POs/CBOs Care work tools used for data gathering + awareness raising + advocacy • Care work embedded in project design (EMBRACE, WIRED)

PHILIPPINES WE-CARE PROGRAMME Gaps and Opportunities • Influencing – Oxfam Programmes – National agenda on SDG • Documentation/Case Studies • Innovative and Appropriate Labour & Time Saving Devices • LGU planning & budgeting

COLOMBIA WE-CARE PROGRAMME Achievements 1. WE-Care activities implemented in • Farmers’ Markets program • GROW campaign – evidence on ‘care work’ launched in national events, media launch (TV, radio, newspapers) part of Rural Women’s Network advocacy on the National Plan for Development. • Municipal/national Office for Women; Agricultural Extension training program; • National government’s Planning Department - Time Use Survey; • Partners’ Dialogues with political candidates in Boyacá include proposals for investments in services and equitable care • Resettlement Rights program in conflict areas • Video production 2. Rapid Care Analysis and Household Care Survey implemented • Upcoming Effectiveness Review will have ‘module’ of questions on care

COLOMBIA WE-CARE PROGRAMME Lessons Learnt 1. 2. 3. Labour-saving equipment – washing machines & stoves in WE-Care communities • positive social norms in workshops • ‘user commitment statement’ that this is about women’s empowerment and men will learn and use the equipment • WE-Care will monitor changes in time use and division of labour Risk management – • Five workshops held with local families to discuss and choose priority recipients Monitoring changing behaviours in households • ‘men and women have learned to negotiate about housework’; Berta Cano, Paipa • WE-Care combined with Farmers’ Markets (FM) program! • WE-Care ‘embedded’ works well CHALLENGES: 1. Funding period is too short – not clear how many changes will happen 2. Household Care Survey has ‘sensitive questions’ – we’ll have to implement it carefully.

BANGLADESH WE-CARE PROGRAMME Lessons Learnt • 61. 6 hours care work done by women – cooking, child care, washing cloths • 6. 9 hours care work done by men – household maintenance, shopping , transportation • Problematic work for women – cooking, child care, washing cloths • Problematic work for men – caring for sick people • Adverse effect of seasonal variations on Care Work – flood, storm, river erosion • Limited investment in reducing care work burden in household and community as well CHALLENGES: Finding a competitive consultant to conduct the study The study did not cover the work load linked with income generating activities

BANGLADESH WE-CARE PROGRAMME Ongoing work Initial impact • After attending two days RCA workshop participants realized that they never see that women are doing these much work for taking care of the family – 1 couple reported that, their relationship has being improved after attending the training. Another family has said that they are saving money to bye refrigerator Initiating discussion on care issue in CBO meetings • Planning to conduct To. T on RCA tools at partners level. Arranging events on distributing care issue including male participants • Partner staffs will train CBO leaders to continue the awareness session on care work burden at the community level • Planning to apply the RCA tools among the domestic workers to create awareness about unpaid care work • Using improved cooking stove since one year - women reported on reducing 1 - 1. 30 hours • Providing technical support like – washing machine, Milk collection centre, yard for drying chili, maize husking machine • •

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