CHAPTER 4 SOCIAL STRUCTURE Sections 1 4 1

CHAPTER 4 SOCIAL STRUCTURE Sections 1 -4

• 1. Do you think a society can exist without a social structure? BELLRINGER • 2. How might factors such as the mass media and popular entertainment influence American norms and values? • 3. What factors might help determine how a person functions in society?

SECTION 1 BUILDING BLOCKS OF SOCIAL STRUCTURE • Social Structure • will mean the network of interrelated statuses and roles that guide human interactions. • Status • a socially defined position in a group or in society. • Role • is the behavior expected of someone occupying a particular status. • List what you would consider your many statuses. human woman mother wife daughter sister teacher American Mexican Illinoian Aunt friend

ASCRIBED AND ACHIEVED STATUSES • Ascribed status • Achieved Status • Is assigned according to qualities beyond a person’s control. They are inherited • Skills acquired through their own direct efforts. Can be controlled. (knowledge or abilities) • Examples: • When you are a teenager you can not change that status until you become an adult, or your family heritage or race. • Examples: • Basketball player, actor,

MASTER STATUS • Master Status • Status that plays the greatest role in shaping a person’s life and determining his or her social identity. • Example: • Occupation, wealth, marital status or parenthood

ROLES • Reciprocal Roles • Corresponding roles that define the patterns of interaction between related statuses • Example: • You can not become a wife without the role of your spouse. Doctor – Patient, athlete- coach, friend-friend, employer-employee, leaderfollower, sales clerkcustomer.

ROLES EXPECTATIONS AND PERFORMANCE • Role expectation • Role Performance • The socially determined behaviors expected of a person performing a role. • Their actual role behavior • Example : • Doctors are expected to treat their patients with skill and care. • Example • some doctors do not give their patients the best possible care

ROLE CONFLICT AND STRAIN • Role Set • Different roles attached to a single status • Role Conflict • Occurs when fulfilling the role expectations of one status to make it difficult to achieve expectation to another status • Example: • Being a good employee means needing to go to workhowever being a good parent means that you must stay home when you have a sick child. • Role Strain • Occurs when a person has difficulty meeting the role expectations of a single status. • Example: • The boss who must maintain the morale of workers while getting them to work long periods of overtime is likely to experience role strain.

SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS • Social institution • System of statuses, roles, values, and norms that is organized to satisfy one or more of the basic needs of society. • Example: • Family, Economy, politics, education, and religion • https: //youtu. be/UUuk. BV 82 P 9 A

CHAPTER 4 SECTION 2 Types of Social Interaction

EXCHANGE • Exchange • Individual, group, or societal interaction under-taken in an effort to receive a reward in return for action. • Reciprocity • Idea that if you do something for someone, they owe you something in return. (thank you) • Exchange theory • Theory that holds that people are motivated by self-interests in their interactions with other people.

COMPETITION AND CONFLICT • Competition • Occurs when two or more people or groups oppose each other to achieve a goal that only one can attain. • Conflict • is the deliberate attempt to control a person by force, to oppose someone or to harm another person.

COOPERATION AND ACCOMMODATIONS • Cooperation • Occurs when two or more people or groups work together to achieve a goal that will benefit more than one person. • Accommodation • Is a state of balance between cooperation and conflict.

CHAPTER 4 SECTION 3 Types of Societies

• Group • Is a set of people who interact on the basis of shared expectations and who possess some degree of common identity. • Subsistence strategies • Is the way a society uses technology to provide for the needs of the members. • https: //youtu. be/ce. Bq. FO 6 s. SI 0