The Wrist and Hand Joints Anatomy and Kinesiology

The Wrist and Hand Joints Anatomy and Kinesiology 420: 024

The Wrist and Hand Joints l l l Many sports require precise functioning of wrist & hand Archery, bowling, golf, baseball, tennis, etc. require combined use of wrist & hand joints Very complex l l l 29 bones 25 joints 33 muscles

Objectives l l l Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements

Bones l 29 bones, including radius & ulna l Carpals (8) l l Metacarpals (5) l l Numbered 1 -5 Phalanges (14) l l l Two rows of 4 bones Three for each finger Two for the thumb Thumb has a sesamoid bone in its flexor tendon l Other sesamoids may occur in joints of fingers

Bones l Carpal bones form a three-sided arch l l l Concave on palmar side creates the carpal tunnel Frequently a source of problems known as carpal tunnel syndrome

Wrist and Hand Joints l l l Radiocarpal joint l Biaxial ball and socket Intercarpal joints l Gliding/nonaxial Carpometacarpal joints l Fingers – Gliding/nonaxial l Thumb – Biaxial saddle

Wrist and Hand Joints l l Metacarpophalangeal joints l Fingers – Biaxial ball and socket l Thumb – Uniaxial hinge Proximal interphalangeal joints l Fingers – Uniaxial hinge Distal interphalangeal joints l Fingers – Uniaxial hinge Interphalangeal joint l Thumb – Uniaxial hinge

Objectives l l l Bones, bony landmarks and joint Muscles Movements

Wrist and Hand Muscles l Extrinsic muscles (15) l All multiarticular l l Elbow/wrist/hand (1) Elbow/wrist (6) Wrist/hand (8) Intrinsic muscles (18)

Extrinsic Wrist and Hand Muscles (15) l Elbow, Wrist and Hand (3) l l Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger extension (2) l l l Elbow and Wrist (6) l Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3) l l l 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor 1 flexor only Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) l 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) l l Fingers 2, 3, 4, 5 Pinky Wrist adductor Wrist and Hand (6) l l Wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Wrist flexion, thumb flexion (1) l l l Wrist extension, index finger extension (1) Wrist extension, thumb extension (2) l l Wrist abductors Wrist flexion, thumb abduction (1) l Wrist abductor

Attachments l Elbow, Wrist and Hand (3) l l Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger extension (2) l l Fingers 2, 3, 4, 5 Pinky

Attachments l Elbow, Wrist and Hand (3) l l Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger extension (2) l l Fingers 2, 3, 4, 5 Pinky

Attachments l Elbow and Wrist (6) l Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3) l l Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) l l l 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor 1 flexor only 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) l Wrist adductor

Attachments l Elbow and Wrist (6) l Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3) l l Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) l l l 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor 1 flexor only 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) l Wrist adductor

Attachments l Elbow and Wrist (6) l Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3) l l Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) l l l 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor 1 flexor only 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) l Wrist adductor

Attachment Rules l Elbow/Wrist/Hand Elbow/Wrist Muscles l Wrist Flexors l l l Proximal: Medial or Lateral epicondyle of humerus Distal: Depends Wrist Extensors l l Proximal: Medial or Lateral epicondyle of humerus Distal: Depends

Attachments l Wrist and Hand (6) l l Wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Wrist flexion, thumb flexion (1) l l Wrist flexion, thumb abduction (1) l l l Wrist abductor Wrist extension, index finger extension (1) Wrist extension, thumb extension (2) l Wrist abductors

Attachments l Wrist and Hand (6) l l Wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Wrist flexion, thumb flexion (1) l l Wrist flexion, thumb abduction (1) l l l Wrist abductor Wrist extension, index finger extension (1) Wrist extension, thumb extension (2) l Wrist abductors

Attachment Rules l Wrist/Hand Muscles l Wrist Flexors l l l Proximal: Anterior or Posterior forearm Distal: Depends Wrist Extensors l l Proximal: Anterior or Posterior forearm Distal: Depends

Intrinsic Muscles (18)