The History of Forensic Science The history of

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The History of Forensic Science

The History of Forensic Science

The history of forensic science stretches back as early as the 7 th century,

The history of forensic science stretches back as early as the 7 th century, when the Chinese used fingerprints to identify documents and clay sculptures

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle • Sherlock Holmes first applied the principles of serology, fingerprinting,

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle • Sherlock Holmes first applied the principles of serology, fingerprinting, firearm identification, and document examination long beforensic science was recognized as a valid tool for investigators.

Mathieu Orfila 1787 -1853 • Father of Toxicology • Greatly improved tests used to

Mathieu Orfila 1787 -1853 • Father of Toxicology • Greatly improved tests used to detect poisons…especially arsenic • Treatise of Toxicology …Summed up everything known about poisons and offered classifications

Alphonse Bertillon 1853 -1914 • Bertillon was the inventor of the first scientific method

Alphonse Bertillon 1853 -1914 • Bertillon was the inventor of the first scientific method of identifying criminals. • He devised a system of identification of criminals which relies on 11 bodily measurements and the color of the eyes, hair, and skin. • Anthropometric method/Biometrics (Body measurements)

Sir Francis Galton 1822 -1911 • The great man of measurement, of "anything and

Sir Francis Galton 1822 -1911 • The great man of measurement, of "anything and everything" • Galton was the first to study fingerprints. • He is credited for developing a system of classification for filing fingerprints. • His cousin was Charles Darwin.

Leone Lattes 1887 -1954 • 1915 – Devised a procedure for determining the blood

Leone Lattes 1887 -1954 • 1915 – Devised a procedure for determining the blood group of a dried bloodstain for criminal investigations • Developed an antibody test for ABO blood groups • He first used the test to resolve a marital dispute.

Dr. Karl Landsteiner 1868 -1943 • 1901 – Discovered that blood can be grouped

Dr. Karl Landsteiner 1868 -1943 • 1901 – Discovered that blood can be grouped into four categories • A, B, AB, O

Calvin Goddard (1891 -1955) • Firearms expert • Perfected the comparison microscope for use

Calvin Goddard (1891 -1955) • Firearms expert • Perfected the comparison microscope for use in bullet comparison

Albert S. Osborn 1858 -1946 • The first American prominent in the field of

Albert S. Osborn 1858 -1946 • The first American prominent in the field of forgery detection • Established a system for document examinations • Wrote Questioned Documents (1910) which is still used

Hans Gross 1847 -1915 • 1893 - Wrote the first treatise describing the application

Hans Gross 1847 -1915 • 1893 - Wrote the first treatise describing the application of various scientific disciplines to the field of criminal investigations • Considered an expert in the field of criminal psychology

Edmond Locard 1877 -1966 • Dr. Edmond Locard was a student of Bertillon (Biometrics)

Edmond Locard 1877 -1966 • Dr. Edmond Locard was a student of Bertillon (Biometrics) • Educated in medicine and law • “Every contact leaves a trace” • First to suggest 12 matching points as a positive fingerprint identification

J. Edgar Hoover 1895 -1972 • Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

J. Edgar Hoover 1895 -1972 • Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) • 1932 - Established the first national forensic lab • FBI is the world’s largest forensic lab.

…yet Sherlock Holmes, a fictitious character, was one of the first true forensic scientists…

…yet Sherlock Holmes, a fictitious character, was one of the first true forensic scientists…

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