THE 12 OLYMPIANS Zeus Poseidon Hades Hestia Hera
- Slides: 16
THE 12 OLYMPIANS • • • Zeus Poseidon Hades Hestia Hera Ares Athena Apollo Aphrodite Hermes Artemis Hephaestus
ELDER GENERATION OF GODS Cronus + Rhea Hestia Hades Poseidon Demeter Hera Zeus
CHILDREN OF ZEUS & HERA Zeus + Hera Hebe Hephaestus Ares
ZEUS’S IMMORTAL CHILDREN • • • Metis -- Athene Themis -- Hours, Order, Justice, Peace, Fates Demeter -- Persephone Mnemosyne -- The Nine Muses Leto -- Artemis & Apollo Dione -- Aphrodite Semele -- Dionysus Maia -- Hermes Hera -- Hebe, Ares, Hephaestus
ZEUS (JUPITER) Ø Lord of the Sky, the Cloudgatherer Ø Supreme ruler of Mount Olympus Ø Spiritual leader of both gods and men Ø Upholder of the law, justice, morals, and civilised conduct Ø Attributes: Thunderbolt, the eagle, the aegis, the oak tree
POSEIDON (NEPTUNE) Ø Lord of the Sea Ø Gave the first horse to man (God of Horses) Ø The Earth-shaker (God of Earthquakes) Ø Submarine palace Ø Attributes: The trident, dolphins, horses, bulls
HADES (PLUTO) Ø Lord of the Underworld, Ruler of the Dead Ø Abducted and gave Persephone a pomegranate, she ate and belonged to the underworld forever Ø The God of Wealth, possesses the riches of the earth Ø His name is avoided Ø Attributes: The scepter, the helmet (of invisibility), the narcissus flower
HESTIA (VESTA) Ø Goddess of the Hearth, the symbol of home and domestic life Ø A virgin goddess, wooed by Poseidon and Apollo but swore by Zeus to remain a virgin Ø Every hearth on Earth was her altar Ø New colonies took fire from the hearth of the mother-city Ø Attributes: The hearth
HERA (JUNO) Ø Queen of Mount Olympus Ø Zeus’s wife and sister Ø Goddess of Marriage and Birth Ø Always jealous of Zeus’s love affairs Ø Punishes her rivals and their children (e. g. Zeus, Io, Helen) Ø Attributes: The peacock, the cow, the pomegranate, the city of Argos
ARES (MARS) Ø God of War Ø Handsome but vain, cruel and murderous; detested by gods and men Ø Attended by his sister Eris, the Goddess of Strife, his sons, and by Enyo, old goddess of war Ø Cowardly runs away when wounded Ø Born in Thrace, where there lives a fierce people Ø Attributes: The vulture, the dog, and the war gear
PALLAS ATHENA (MINERVA) Ø Goddess of Wisdom, War, the Handicrafts, Industry and Justice Ø Born out of Zeus’s head, fullygrown and wearing a robe and helmet, no mother Ø Zeus’s favourite child Ø Virgin goddess Ø Athena, the grey-eyed; Athena of the flashing eyes Ø Attributes: The olive tree, the owl, the aegis, the city of Athens, and Parthenon temple
PHOEBUS APOLLO Ø God of Light (assoc. with the Sun-god Helios), Truth (can never tell a lie), Medicine, Archery, Music, Poetry Ø Master musician, he directed the choir of Muses Ø The Archer-god, the Healer Ø Twin-brother of Artemis Ø Killed the dragon Python Ø Attributes: The lyre, the bow and the arrow, the tripod, the swan, the laurel tree
APHRODITE (VENUS) Ø Goddess of Love, Beauty, and Sexual Desire Ø The laughter-loving, irresistible goddess; had many lovers Ø Born out of sea foams; the sea carried her to Cyprus Ø Married to Hephaestus, the ugly, lame God of Fire Ø Aphrodisiac festival celebrated in Athens and Corinth, sexual intercourse as worship Ø Attributes: The myrtle tree, the dove, the swan
HERMES (MERCURY) Ø Messenger God, God of Commerce, Travel, Literature, Athletics Ø The Divine Herald, leads the souls of the dead to Hades Ø Cunning, shrewd, swift Ø Gave the lyre to Apollo in exchange for his cattle Ø Attributes: The wingedsandals, a broad-brimmed hat with wings, Caduceus (staff with snakes and wings)
ARTEMIS (DIANA) Ø Goddess of Hunting, Wild Animals, and Fertility Ø A virgin goddess associated with Chastity, twin-sister of Apollo, associated with Selene, the Moon Ø Armed with a bow and arrows, accompanied by the Nymphs Ø Contradictory features; protectress of women in labour and of young children, brought sudden death to labouring women by shooting arrows Ø Attributes: Cypress tree, the deer
HEPHAESTUS (VULCAN/MULCIBER) Ø God of Fire, Forge, Smith of Gods Ø The armourer; patron of smiths Ø Hera conceived him alone, later rejected Ø He imprisoned his mother Hera on a magic throne; released her after Aphrodite was given as his bride Ø He caught his wife with Ares with the magic chain-link net Ø Made the first woman, Pandora from clay Ø Attributes: Ugly, lame; carries an axe; wears a beard
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