Taping for Plantar Fasciitis S EN TARA INSERVICE

Taping for Plantar Fasciitis S EN TARA IN-SERVICE: 6/18/ 2015 KAY LEA K IRVEN, SPT

Plantar Fasciitis: Statistics �Most common cause of foot pain �Accounts for 11 -15% of all foot pathologies in adults �Heel spur MYTH �Risk Factors: Excessive foot pronation Excessive running/ activity High arch Leg length discrepancy Obesity/ sedentary Prolonged standing/ walking occupations Decreased ankle ROM Achilles tendon tightness/ foot intrinsic muscle tightness

Therapeutic Taping Purpose: �Pain Reduction �Joint Support / Arch Tension Reduction � “External splint” that indirectly supports arch �Proprioceptive Feedback �Muscle Tone Normalization Most Common Types of Heel Taping: �Low-dye Taping (LDT) �Calcaneal Taping �Windlass Taping

Taping for Plantar Fasciitis Roman Podolsky & Leonid Kalichman (2015) Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation � Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of different taping techniques in relieving sx’s & dysfunction caused by plantar fasciitis � Databases: Pub. Med, CINAHL, PEDro, ISI, Web of Science, Google Scholar � Design: 5 RCT, 2 cross-over studies, 1 repeated measures study

Landrof et al. Radford et al. Hyland et al. Vishal et al. Pain Duration: 0. 9 yrs Pain Duration: 0. 83 yrs Not given >0. 08 yrs Intervention: Intervention 1 : Calcaneal Taping Control: Intervention 2: LDT + Sham US LDT 1 wk 3 x/ 3 wks Control: Sham US No taping Combined intervention favored VAS, Patient Satisfaction (20% greater) LDT significantly first step pain at 1 wk Sham Taping or Plantar Fasciitis Plantar Fascia Taping Stretching Calcaneal Taping significantly pain (VAS) at 1 wk Intervention 1 & 2 showed statistically significant improvement in pain score & FFI

El Salam et al. Van Lunen Ha et al. Jamali et al. Pain Duration: >0. 08 yrs Pain Duration: Not given Intervention 1: Intervention: LDT 9 sess/3 wks LDT Windlass Taping Intervention 2: VAS scores following LDT VAS scores at 24 hrs. Medial Arch Support 9 sess/ 3 wks Heel-pain orthosis Interv. 1 & 2: p! fxn Interv. 1 & 2: VAS scores when walking & jogging Post-VAS & Post. FDPS more in MAS group No biomechanical explanation for use

Discussion: �Various taping techniques for relieving plantar fasciitis pain in the short-term [24 hrs – 3 weeks] In acute or chronic stages In lieu of or prior to use of orthotics �Most common (5/8 studies) = LDT Goal: To decrease medial heel pressure by lifting the navicular bone � 2 nd most common (2/8 studies) = Calcaneal Taping Goal: To invert calcaneus so it is closer to neutral alignment Increasing medial longitudinal arch height

RCT of Calcaneal Taping, Sham Taping, and Plantar Fascia Stretching for Short-Term Management of Plantar Heel Pain Hyland et al. (2006) JOSPT �Purpose: To determine if calcaneal taping will provide a greater in p! & a greater in functional activity when compared to plantar fascia stretching, sham taping, & no treatment �Inclusion Criteria: 18 – 65 yrs old > 3/10 first step pain in AM P! located at heel or plantar surface of midfoot (Consistent w/ plantar fasciitis) Everted calcaneus > 2 °

Methods: � Randomly Assigned to 1 of 4 groups Group 1: Stretching Group 3: Control (NT) Group 2: Calcaneal Taping Group 4: Sham Taping � Duration: 1 week (VAS, PSFS) � Maintain usual activity level No termination of activity No initiation of new activity

Group 1: Stretching �Passive stretching of plantar flexors & plantar fascia (Day 1 & either Day 3 or 4) �Soleus m. �Gastrocnemius m. �Great Toe 3 x 30 sec in clinic ; NOT to be performed at home

Group 2: Calcaneal Taping �“Rear-foot Focus”

Group 3: Control/ No Treatment �Measured at baseline �Measured at 1 wk w/ no treatment provided

Group 4: Sham Taping �Cover-Roll & Leukotape overlaid on skin � NO medially-directed force applied to tape during application

Results:

Results: �Within 2 treatment sessions: Calcaneal taping resulted in a significantly greater reduction in VAS p! than stretching, sham taping, or no treatment Limitations: � Stretching frequency � Small sample size � Long-term benefits of taping? � Chronicity on p! reduction

Take-Home Message �Taping provides immediate plantar heel p! relief �Taping to be used as a “short-term bridge between other long-term therapies” �Taping addresses both pain relief & poor foot biomechanics

Demonstrations/ Links for Instructions �Low-Dye Taping: Apta. org/APTAMedia/Handouts/PT 2012/selectmanag ement_Mc. Poil_1. pdf [Pg. 3] https: //www. dailymotion. com/video/x 158 dtx_plantar-fasciitistaping_news

Demonstrations/ Links for Instructions �Calcaneal Taping: http: //www. jospt. org/doi/pdf/10. 2519/jospt. 2006. 2078 �Windlass Taping: http: //www. humankinetics. com/acucustom/sitename/Documents/Document. Item/3941. p df [Pg. 234 -235]

References: � Hyland MR, Webber-Gaffney A, Cohen L, Lichtman PT. Randomized controlled trial of calcaneal taping, sham taping, and plantar fascia stretching for the short-term management of plantar heel pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006; 36(6): 364– 371. � James D. Goff, Roert Crawford, Summa Health System, Akron, Ohio Am Fam Physician. 2011 Sep 15; 84(6): 676 -682. � Landorf K, Menz H. Plantar heel pain and fasciitis. Clin Evid. (Online) 2008; 2008: 1111.

References: � Radford JA, Landorf KB, Buchbinder R, Cook C. Effectiveness of low-Dye taping for the short-term treatment of plantar heel pain: a randomised trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2006; 7: 64. � Riddle DL, Pulisic M, Pidcoe P, Johnson RE. Risk factors for plantar fasciitis: A mached case control study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003: 85 -A: 872 -877. � Roman Podolsky and Leonid Kalichman. Taping for plantar fasciitis: Review article. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 2015; 28: 1 -6