Swan M Grammar Oxford University Press 2005 Leech

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資料來源 • Swan, M ‘Grammar’ Oxford University Press, 2005 • Leech, G ‘Meaning and

資料來源 • Swan, M ‘Grammar’ Oxford University Press, 2005 • Leech, G ‘Meaning and the English Verb’ Longman, 2004

變化 2 • 「It is+adj. +to V」句型中,發現有部分 的形容詞也可使用「It is+adj. +Ving」。 但這些僅限於 評 價 事

變化 2 • 「It is+adj. +to V」句型中,發現有部分 的形容詞也可使用「It is+adj. +Ving」。 但這些僅限於 評 價 事 情 的形容詞(great, interesting, funny);表示 可 能 性 的形容詞 (possible, usual, unusual),仍然只適用 「It is+adj. +to V」。 • 以下句子均出自「大家說英語」雜誌: It was kind of funny watching you try, though. (2004 July p. 29) It’s great talking to you. (2005 September p. 10) It’s not fun being laid off. (2004 December p. 17)

變化 4 英式英語和美式英語互相模仿: • 美國文化全球普及,英國人也模仿起 美國人用法: 轉述事情時,I said有漸被I was like 取代趨 勢: I was

變化 4 英式英語和美式英語互相模仿: • 美國文化全球普及,英國人也模仿起 美國人用法: 轉述事情時,I said有漸被I was like 取代趨 勢: I was like “You can’t do that!” She was like “Well, I have to go now. ” as if有被like取代趨勢: He looked as if he’d seen a ghost. He looked like he’d seen a ghost.

變化 6 • fun已被認為是形容詞。 • 牛津、劍橋等字典,均有列fun當形容詞 的用法。 • Chinese New Year is a really

變化 6 • fun已被認為是形容詞。 • 牛津、劍橋等字典,均有列fun當形容詞 的用法。 • Chinese New Year is a really fun holiday, isn’t it? (大說 2005 February p. 23) • Mike just learned how to play baseball. He thinks it’s fun sport. (大說 2003 July p. 16) • Did you have a fun trip? (大說 2003 July p. 32) • 因為 fun 比 interesting 更簡潔,在使用 次數上甚至比 interesting 還多。

變化 7 • 比較級「fun more fun」的特例已被接受。 • 國外教科書Touchstone(Michael Mc. Carthy編Cambridge 2005年出版)Book 2 Unit 10介紹比較級時,就條列

變化 7 • 比較級「fun more fun」的特例已被接受。 • 國外教科書Touchstone(Michael Mc. Carthy編Cambridge 2005年出版)Book 2 Unit 10介紹比較級時,就條列 了「fun more fun」的用法。 • It’s more fun to spy on them. (2005 January p. 36) • … their new plane will make long flights more comfortable and more fun. (2005 April p. 8) • … life is more fun if you can laugh at yourself. (2005 March p. 26) • Working at an amusement part is more fun than being a baby-sitter. ( New Interchange 3 2001 p. 12) • Sending text messages is more fun than calling. ( Touchstone 2 2005 p. 98)

變化 9 • quick跟slow在口語中也可當副詞: • Drive slow. (牛津字典 p. 1215) • Mia! Come quick!

變化 9 • quick跟slow在口語中也可當副詞: • Drive slow. (牛津字典 p. 1215) • Mia! Come quick! (大家說英語 2004 July p. 16) • Could you go a little slower? • Can you speak slower/ more slowly?

變化 10 • 口語中,主格/受格的分界或一致性並非很 清楚。 If anyone calls, tell them I’m out. Jack and

變化 10 • 口語中,主格/受格的分界或一致性並非很 清楚。 If anyone calls, tell them I’m out. Jack and me went to the movies last night. It’s just between you and I. Many schools have a prom in June. Most children can ride a bike at the age of 6. • 在口語中是常聽到的。

變化 12 • 和現在事實的假設法,以往規定條件子句 中若有be動詞,則一律用were。但現在也 逐漸接受was。甚至許多文法書都已編入。 • I wish Carol were here. 也可說 I

變化 12 • 和現在事實的假設法,以往規定條件子句 中若有be動詞,則一律用were。但現在也 逐漸接受was。甚至許多文法書都已編入。 • I wish Carol were here. 也可說 I wish Carol was here. • I would go out if it weren’t so cold. 也可說 I would go out if it wasn’t so cold. • If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that car. 也可 說 If I was you, I wouldn’t buy that car. (If I were you, 仍是較常用were)

變化 13 • 新代名詞 you guys? • 由於 you 可指單數的你和複數的你們。 為了區分, 近年來英語有逐漸以「 you guys」來指說「你們

變化 13 • 新代名詞 you guys? • 由於 you 可指單數的你和複數的你們。 為了區分, 近年來英語有逐漸以「 you guys」來指說「你們 guys 」。 • Wow, you guys sound great! (大說 2004 May p. 10) • You guys must be excited about your band winning the talent contest. (大說 2004 May p. 14) • Thanks for inviting us to go Christmas shopping with you guys. (大說 2005 December p. 30) • I’ll meet you guys in the Stop ‘n’ Shop. (大 說 2005 December p. 30)

變化 15 發音變化 • 發音變化:為求簡潔,許多發音都簡化。 February 讀成/febry/ probably 讀成/probly/ You’d better… 讀成/you better/ What

變化 15 發音變化 • 發音變化:為求簡潔,許多發音都簡化。 February 讀成/febry/ probably 讀成/probly/ You’d better… 讀成/you better/ What do you want? 讀成/what you want/ have to 讀成/hafta/ could have 讀成/coulda/ • 口語中甚至只有 there’s,there is或there’s are, 即 使 後 面 是 複 數 名 詞 。 There’s plenty of choices.

變化 16 • 除了whether…or not之外,if…or not也被接受。 • 牛津字典(2000) 第 644頁收入了 I wonder if I

變化 16 • 除了whether…or not之外,if…or not也被接受。 • 牛津字典(2000) 第 644頁收入了 I wonder if I should wear a coat or not. I don’t know if Hannah lied or not. (大家說英語 2004 September p. 34) 但不加or not是更常見的用法。

變化 19 • 有些傳統認為沒有進行式的動詞,現 在也逐漸被接受有進行式。 I’m understanding math much better now. She’s really liking

變化 19 • 有些傳統認為沒有進行式的動詞,現 在也逐漸被接受有進行式。 I’m understanding math much better now. She’s really liking her new job.