Sir William Osler Father of modern medicine created
- Slides: 24
Sir William Osler Father of modern medicine created the first residency program for specialty training of physicians the first to bring medical students out of the lecture hall for bedside clinical training “Medicine science of uncertainty an art of probability. ” is a and
Very much more time must be…given to those practical portions of the examination which afford the only true test of…fitness to enter the profession. The day of theoretical test is over. SIR WILLIAM OSLER, 1885
Miller’s Pyramid
Professional Authenticity § Professional : paid occupation, especially one that involves prolonged training and a formal qualification § Authenticity : based on facts; accurate or reliable So, the Professional By Existentialism, theauthenticitymight is. . be. . (Oxford Dictionary) the degree to to which professional one is true to profession's one's own personality, spirit, or character, despite external pressure (wikipedia) If we want to consider professional authenticity in evaluating the competencies of medical doctor, we must test at least the ‘shows how’ domain.
Miller’s Pyramid in Medicine § Knows : recall of facts, principles, and theories § Knows how : ability to solve problems and describe procedures § Shows how : using human (standardized patient), mechanical, or computer simulation demonstration of skills in controlled setting § Does : observation of real practice unannounced SP
Shifted Paradigms of Medical Education structure- and process-based To Competency-based education and Measurement of outcomes § What is competency and how appropriately teach and evaluate it ? § From
Competency § Webster Dictionary: 필요 having requisite or adequate ability or qualities § In Medicine : having the ability, knowledge and/or skill necessary to fulfill a role of responsibilities with desirable outcomes under varied circumstances
Shifted Paradigms • Structure- and process-based education : the training experience by exposure to specific contents for specified periods • Competency-based education : (the desired outcome of training) (the outcome driving the educational process)
Why are we interested in competency? § Social/economic-political debate Relationship between world of work and world of education § Condition : Competency based education should be possible and desirable because it will need to competent workers
Basic principles of competency based education § Focus on outcomes § Greater workplace relevancies § Outcomes as observable competencies clearly specified achievable by appropriate training § Assessments as judgment of competency : Pass-Fail principle, not Grading, or Scoring (competent, or not)
Attributes § § § of Competency Knowledge Skills Attitude Values Adaptability. . Should be achieved by appropriate education (teaching + training) Should be evaluated by appropriate test
Evaluation of Competency § What (contents), how (format, mode) and usefulness § 3 most commonly used methods : 1. Subjective assessment by evaluator 2. MCQ to evaluate factual knowledge 3. Performance test (OSCE, CPX): Assessment for skill, attitude, adaptability etc
OSCE vs. CPX § OSCE : 객관구조 임상평가 Objective Structured Clinical Examination § CPX : 임상수행평가 Clinical Performance Examination
Checklist vs. Rating Scale 17
Checklist vs. Rating Scale Checklists Rating Scales § Measures process § Judges process § Measures outcome § Judges outcome § Checking specific tasks § Evaluating complex tasks § More reliable, less valid § Less reliable, more valid
Conclusion If you want to sure that each trainee is competent for hepatobiliary surgeon, you must test at least the ‘shows how’ domain (Performance test). MCQ is not sufficient. 23
What is SP ? § a person carefully recruited and trained to take on the characteristics of a real patient thereby affording the student an opportunity to learn skills and to be evaluated on learned skills in a simulated clinical environment.
- The father of modern medicine
- Sherlock holmes is a fictional detective created by
- Merete osler
- Nodulos de osler y janeway
- Hiperaldosteronismo primario clinica
- Zveren
- Gulf university
- Infective endocarditis
- Aligarh movement
- William kelsey fry technique
- Sir william golding
- Crookes contribution to atomic theory
- Sir william wade
- William atkinson
- When was sir william alexander smith born
- Sir william kelsey fry technique
- Sir william wade
- John thatcher a knight's tale
- Modern medicine in ethiopia
- Geras greek mythology
- The national archives of india came up in the
- Father of modern pharmacy
- The father of the periodic table is
- Paperclips space exploration
- Friedrich ludwig jahn contribution in physical education