Scrum Theory Principles Underlying Scrum Activity Blackout Bingo

Scrum Theory Principles Underlying Scrum

Activity Blackout Bingo: Words used in Scrum Select 6 words from the list below and write them on a piece of Theory paper. As you read or hear the words selected being discussed in this module cross them out on your piece of paper. Empiricism, Inspection, Transparency, Adaptation Complexity, Servant Leadership, Complicated, Simple, Predictive, Empirical, Predictability, Framework Complex

Understanding Complexity Activity Consider the heating systems below. What do you consider adds to the complexity of the various solutions? You are planning a meeting in a room for between 10 & 15 people. What would you need to do or take account of in order for the room to be comfortable for the attendees? • Single room radiator directly controlled • Central heating controlled by room thermostat • Building central heating controlled by facilities management

Activity What Adds Complexity • Did you consider that the empty room will have a base temperature? • Did you consider if thermostat to control the room was in the room itself? • Did you consider the placement of thermostat in the room, is it near a window or door that could cause a draft and give a false understanding of the full room temperature? • Did you consider the windows themselves as heat sources depending on the time of year? • Did you consider if the room was south facing and how long the sun would affect the room during hot months of the year? • Did you consider how the people themselves and the amount of them in the room could affect the temperature? What generic term would you use to describe all the points above?

Theory What Adds Complexity Knowns • These are things that we already know we know about • Here we can use best practices that we have empirical evidence repeatably provide consistent results Known Unknowns • These are things we already know that we don’t know about • For these we need a tool bag of useful good practices on which we can rely on to take account of these unknowns as they arise • These are things we don’t know that we don’t know about • Here we need to rely on novel practices such as sense and respond, experiment along with inspect and adapt in order to both expose these unknowns and then respond to what occurs

Theory Modeling Complexity Simple Complex Complicated Chaotic

Theory The Agile Manifesto for Agile Software Development We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value: • • Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.

Waterfall Theory Agile vs Waterfall Charts Visibility Business Value Ability to Change Risk

Theory Principles Supporting The Agile Manifesto • • • Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software. Welcome changing requirements, even late in development. Agile processes harness change for the customer's competitive advantage. Deliver working software frequently, from a couple of weeks to a couple of months, with a preference to the shorter timescale. Business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project. Build projects around motivated individuals. Give them the environment and support they need, and trust them to get the job done. Working software is the primary measure of progress. • The most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face-to-face conversation. • Agile processes promote sustainable development. The sponsors, developers, and users should be able to maintain a constant pace indefinitely. • Continuous attention to technical excellence and good design enhances agility. • Simplicity--the art of maximizing the amount of work not done--is essential. • The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from self-organizing teams. • At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly.

Theory Process Control Options Select the right process control for the product type you are creating. Predictive Process Control Empirical Process Control Outcomes are repeatable and can be well defined up front before any work occurs. Inspection and adaptation used to understand the work under review is moving in the right direction. Processes and steps within the processes can be pre-defined to achieve the outcome. Outcomes may not be repeatable and repeatable outcomes may not actually be desirable. Steps to achieve outcomes can be industrialised as in a manufacturing system. Relies on the Kolb learning cycle of Plan, Do & Check. Given the same inputs passed through a known process then the same outcome will be achieved. The processes used to achieve the outcomes can be as bespoke as the product being delivered. Suitable for manufacturing and industrial processes the rely on repeatable processes. Creative and bespoke business and crafts where process needs to be individualized to meet need.

Theory House of Scrum

Scrum Values Underlying values to the pillars of Scrum. Openness Focus Courage Respect Commitment

Activity Quiz What are the 3 Pillars of Scrum? q q q Liberating Structures Definition of Done Inspection 3 Amigos Transparency q q q Retrospective Continuous Improvement Adaptation Refinement Planning

Definition of Empiricism Theory Empirical evidence in support of decisions Webster's 1913 Dictionary • Em`pir´i`cism 1. The method or practice of an empiric; pursuit of knowledge by observation and experiment. 2. Specifically, a practice of medicine founded on mere experience, without th e aid of science or a knowledge of principles; ignorant and unscientific practi ce; charlatanry; quacker 3. (Metaph. ) The philosophical theory which attributes the origin of all our kno wledge to experience. Word. Net Dictionary • Noun 1. empiricism (philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience Synonyms: empiricist philosophy, sensationalism 2. empiricism - the application of empirical methods in any art or science 3. empiricism medical practice and advice based on observation and experience in ignora nce of scientific findings Synonyms: quackery

Theory How Does Scrum Apply Empiricism The Pillars of Scrum Inspection Adaptation Regular inspection of the backlogs and work should occur. Be prepared to change your plan or tactical direction. Transparency All parties Team members and Stakeholders should know what is going on.

Theory Scrum Theory Underlying Principles of Scrum Inspection Scrum requires regular inspection of the product, the practices and the implementation of the process. Does the Product Backlog still represent the vision of the Product? Does the Sprint Goal identify value addition to the Product? Transparency The product the practices and the implementation of Scrum should be transparent to all. In practice this means all work that is likely to be done should be included on the Product Backlog with no extra files of additional work, the definition of done should be clear so everyone knows what the quality state of the solution is when it is declared to have been Done and the areas for continuous improvement are clearly being addressed. If the Sprint goal is valid can we select PB items to deliver this? Are we on track to deliver this Sprint backlog Items? Did the Sprint deliver the expected value? Could we work more effectively as a team? Adaptation We should be clear here that the Adaptation pillar refers to the preference to adapting the plan over blindly following it. Not adapting Scrum to make the way we have always done things fit within

End of Module Questions? Briefly describe your understanding of which product development resides in the Complex domain? Write your answer here:

End of Module Questions? Explain which process control you consider is best for complexity? Write your answer here:

End of Module Questions? Explain which are the 3 pillars of Scrum and how they support transparency? Write your answer here:

End of Module Questions? Why are the Scrum Values of Courage & Commitment so important? Write your answer here:

Activity Blackout Bingo Revisited Did you get all of your 6 words marked off as found? Empiricism, Inspection, Transparency, Adaptation Complexity, Servant Leadership, Complicated, Simple, Predictive, Empirical, Predictability, Framework Complex

Learning Outcomes Short Quiz to support these statements: • • Product development resides in the complex domain The best fit for complexity is the empirical process The 3 legs of empiricism are transparency, inspection and adaptation Transparency requires trust and courage