Portrait of a City PsDemosthenes Against Neaera Art

Portrait of a City Ps-Demosthenes Against Neaera, Art 1

Agenda l Academic Honesty l Ps-Demosthenes’ Against Neaera l Charges, Ideologies, Rhetoric, Realities l Greek Artistic Evidence l Where, When, What l Image and Ideology l What Do You See? 2013 -10 -08 Neaera, Greek Art 2

Ps-Demosthenes’ Against Neaera Charges, Ideologies, Rhetoric, Realities

Charges, Ideologies, Rhetoric l Fraudulent… citizen-marriage l citizen-offspring l l Impiety l Cheapened enfranchisement l Jury shaming 2013 -10 -08 Bread-making, phallus-bird, c. 500 BCE. Athenian Neaera, Greek Art 4

Realities: Prostitutes, Concubines l Hetaira (plur. hetairai) expense l relationship l l Porne (plur. pornai) publicity l commodification l l Pallake (plur. pallakai) l “kept” slave woman 2013 -10 -08 Neaera, Greek Art Old man & hetaira. Athenian, c. 500 -490 (Inscription reads Panaitios kalos, “Panaetius” [man’s name] is beautiful. ”) 5

Will the Real Neaera Stand Up? “We [Athenian men] have prostitutes for the sake of pleasure, concubines for meeting our bodily needs day-to-day, but wives for having legitimate children” (Against Neaera p. 191)

Do They “Jive”? 1. “We [Athenian men] have prostitutes (hetairai) for the sake of pleasure, concubines (pallakai) for meeting our bodily needs day-to-day, but wives (gunaikes) for having legitimate children” (Against Neaera p. 191) 2. “This Candaules, then, fell in love with (erasthe) his own wife, so much so that he believed her to be by far the most beautiful woman in the world; and believing this, he praised her beauty beyond measure to Gyges son of Dascylus” (Herodotus 1. 8) 3. “Niceratus too, so I am told, is in love with (erai) his wife and finds his love reciprocated (she anterai him)” (Xenophon Symposium 8. 3) 2013 -10 -08 Neaera, Greek Art 7

Greek Artistic Evidence Where, When, What

Where… mostly Athens Northern Greece Aegean Sea Peloponnese

When? (all dates BCE) Peisistratean tyranny, Persian Wars, 490 -479 561 -510 Peloponnesian War, 431 death of Alexander, 323 -404 Pericles’ leadership, 460429 600 500 400 Tyrannicides, 510 Cleisthenic democracy, 508 archaic period, 776 -475 classical period, 475 -322 Hellenistic period, 323 -31 300

Vase Painting: Style, Chronology l Attic Black Figure l ca. 600 -530 l Attic Red Figure l 530 -300 s Attic BF amphora c. 530, Eos mourning Memnon 2013 -10 -08 Attic Red Figure Kylix (drinking cup), ca. 500 Neaera, Greek Art 11

Image and Ideology What Do You See?

Inside of Attic Red Figure drinking cup (kylix): man/woman sexual congress. (Man says, “Keep quiet!” or “Keep still!”)

Demure rejection (? ), Paestum, Italy

Intercrural intercourse (archaic Attic BF vase)

HIPPARKHOS KALOS, “Hipparchus is handsome” Inside of drinking cup by Epictetus, ca. 510 -500 BCE

poem Aristogeiton Harmodius “Tyrant-Slayers”

Attic Red Figure alabastra (perfume vases) ca. 460 Loutrophoros (ritual bathing vase) Italian Greek, 300 s

hē numphē kalē, “The bride is beautiful. ” Timodēmos kalos, “Timodemos is handsome. ” Attic Red Figure alabastron

Sutton, Robert F. “Pornography and Persuasion on Attic Pottery. ” Pornography and Representation in Greece and Rome. Ed. Amy Richlin. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992. 3– 35.