Physical Chemical Properties of Matter Physical Properties n

Physical & Chemical Properties of Matter

Physical Properties n Physical property – any characteristic that can be observed without changing the composition of the substance

Examples of Physical Properties n n Viscosity – a liquids resistance to flowing Conductivity – ability to allow heat to flow Malleability – ability to be shaped with a hammer Hardness

Examples, cont. n n n Melting point – temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid Boiling point – temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas Density = mass/volume (“heavy” vs “light”)

Using Physical Properties n Used to identify unknown materials n n n Ex: used in forensics to solve crimes Used to choose appropriate material for a job Used to separate mixtures n n Filtration – separates materials based on particle size Distillation – separate solutions based on boiling points

Chemical Properties n Chemical property – produces a change in the composition of the matter

Chemical Properties n n Flammability – material’s ability to burn in the presence of oxygen Reactivity – ability to combine chemically with another substance

Recognizing Chemical Changes n n n A change in color (brief video) Production of a gas (bubbles video) Formation of a precipitate (brief precipitation video) n Precipitate – a solid that forms and separates from a liquid

Physical vs Chemical Change n Physical change – occurs when some properties of a material changes, but substances in the material stays the same n n Example: melting of ice Chemical change – substance reacts and forms a new substance n Example: rusting of a nail