PART C Georgia as a Royal Colony Georgia

PART C: Georgia as a Royal Colony

Georgia Performance Standard SS 8 H 2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. c. Explain the development of Georgia as a royal colony with regard to land ownership, slavery, government, and the impact of the royal governors.

The learning target for part C “What” is below…. How did Georgia become a Royal colony and what effect did this event have on the colonists? HERE WE GOOOOO ANSWER: LAND was changed GOVERNMENT was established SLAVERY was allowed

IKEA BOX FIRST Vocab Proprietary Colony: A colony governed by a board of trustees, also referred to as a trustee colony. Georgia was a proprietary colony when it was governed by James Oglethorpe and the 21 trustees.

IKEA Royal Colony: A colony directly governed by the king. Georgia was a royal colony when it was governed by King George after James Oglethorpe and the trustees left Georgia and returned to England.

• Under IKEA a royal colony…. . • Colonists that had left when Georgia was a proprietary colony began to return. • Rice and indigo were grown as crops (due to slavery). • A port was built near Sunbury so farmers could ship their crops back to England. (Brunswick)

• Under a royal colony there were 3 major changes. • LAND OWNERSHIP • SLAVERY • GOVERNMENT

ROYAL COLONY LAND OWNERSHIP SLAVERY GOVERNMENT • colonists allowed to own and sell more land • only wealthy could own slaves • Royal governors appointed by King • worked on rice plantations • Trustee laws repealed • planters bought more and more land • bi-cameral legislature • changed the economy of Georgia – grew rich • white males with property could vote • large plantations farms with slave labor • social classes developed • border of Georgia increased south to St. Mary’s River and west to Mississippi River • slaves were property and had no rights • colonists had more freedom: self-government • court system to settle disputes

EXTRA… IKEA • Due to lift on slavery…. Between 1750 and 1775, the number of Africans living in slavery increased from 500 to 18, 000. And were now growing rice & indigo

Georgia underwent 3 different Governors…. . Clearly they couldn’t get it together. • Each on brought significant changes/improvements to the colony

1 ST—John Reynolds. • John Reynolds – Georgia’s first royal governor. • Governed from 1754 to 1757. • Governor Reynolds introduced the idea of self-government to the colonists and assisted in the creation of a bicameral (two houses) legislature and the creation of a court system. • Eventually, due to a disagreement between Governor Reynolds and the legislature was sent home. Reynolds tried and failed to rule Georgia himself. • The British Parliament recalled Reynolds in 1757 and said that he was ineffective.

Henry Ellis • Henry Ellis – Georgia’s second royal governor. • Governed from 1757 -1759 • Governor Ellis tried to learn from the mistakes of John Reynolds. Ellis set up a budget and regulated trade with the Native Americans. • By 1759, the population of the colony had increased to over 10, 000, including 3, 600 slaves. • Obsessed with the tempeture, wore a thermometer around his neck • In 1759, Henry Ellis became ill and returned to Great Britain.

James. Wright • James Wright – Georgia’s third (and last) royal governor. • Governed from 1760 -1776. • During Governor Wright’s term in office the size of Georgia increased. • Led the French and Indian War • After the French and Indian War ended in 1763, Georgia gained a large amount of land. • James Wright continued to serve as the Royal Governor of Georgia until the beginning of the American Revolution.

That’s it for now…See you in Unit 4!